Benzene Leukemia Law Blog : Benzene and Leukemia Lawyer & Attorney : Burke & Eisner Law Firm : Benzene Exposure, Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma

A few weeks back I posted about an L.A. County housing tract in Carson Ca. found to be heavily contaminated with underground benzene and methane. The pollution came from defunct underground tanks operated by Shell Oil Co. on the site for forty years ending in 1960.

When I last posted about this, the nightmare was just beginning for those living in the 275 home Carousel neighborhood. Barbara Post, president of the Carousel Homeowners' Association had said:

"Chemicals are a serious matter, we have to trust that Shell is going to take care of it for us."

Trusting Shell is not a good plan, fortunately Barbara Post is starting to see more clearly:

"I've been worried about this, but I'm scared to death now, Shell can't replace my house, and they can't replace that neighborhood."

Weeks ago Shell had only drilled samples from the public roads and had just begun asking home owners for permission to test private properties. Shell, of course, was optimistic:

 "We don't believe that there is reason to be concerned from a safety perspective, but we felt like it was the right thing to do to make sure there were not the same levels detected on residential properties."-Shell spokeswoman Alison Chassen

Would Chassen be concerned if it were her neighborhood? Definitely. It is well known that subterranean benzene has a nasty habit of seeping into structures built above it, and contaminating ground water.

Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon and known human carcinogen. It interferes with the body's ability to produce new blood cells, a crucial part of the human immune system. Benzene exposure has been linked to debilitating and potentially fatal blood diseases like acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The possibility of people contracting these disorders should be of concern from any reasonable "safety perspective."

Recently, 300 residents met with lawyers to discuss a lawsuit against Shell. According to the lawyers, at some sites, benzene levels are 100,000 times accepted state standards. Robert Bowcock, an environmental consultant hired by the law firm told residents:

 "You've been exposed to a very high level, I'm incensed and angry that Shell let this happen. Shell is not interested in being your friend. They will do absolutely the minimum they are required to do. We know the games they can play and we're going to hold their feet to the fire."

Precedent indicates that Bowcock is correct. A benzene lawsuit is the only way to force Shell to properly compensate residents for damage to their properties, and their health.



 

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In June, Benzene Leukemia Law Blog covered an Associated Press (AP) story about possible health risks associated with the inhalation of chemicals due to the use of used shredded tires (known as playground tire crumb) as an injury reducing playground surface. The popular material is also used on modern artificial turf playing fields.

Shredded tires contain high levels of carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, in addition to lead and other heavy metals. According to the June AP article the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was in the process of conducting air and surface samples at four playgrounds.

Although the EPA for years has endorsed recycled-rubber surfaces as a means of decreasing playground injuries, its own scientists now have pointed to research suggesting potential hazards from repeated exposure to bits of shredded tire that can contain carcinogens and other chemicals, according to internal EPA documents.

The scientists cited gaps in scientific evidence, despite other reviews showing little or no health concern, and urged their superiors to conduct a broad health study to inform parents on kids’ safety.

Results from the agency’s limited study, which began last year, are expected within weeks.

It all seemed very reasonable. Maybe using a highly toxic material, in a shredded form, on playgrounds, could be bad for children. Worth a study right?

Well... not exactly. According to a report from investigative reporter Andrew Schneider this week at coldtruth.com, the EPA fell a bit short on this "study."

The following quotes cite documents obtained under the Freedom of Information Act by Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility (PEER.)

Schneider:

Earlier this month, Eric Wachter, director of the EPA Office of the Executive Secretariat replied and conceded that “The Agency has not conducted research to evaluate children’s ‘health effects’ from tire crumb constituents.” (emphasis mine)

Wachter wrote that EPA only did a “literature review” in 2008 and after that began a “very limited methods evaluation study” of “available monitoring methods for characterizing environmental contaminant concentrations at those recreational fields” but has not yet finished even that, says PEER.

The above doesn't check out with the following late June quotes found in the Philadelphia Enquirer from the EPA's press wing:

The preliminary results of a new study by the Environmental Protection Agency may contain good news for field operators. The raw data shows there is no inhalation danger to children who play on various types of artificial fields and play surfaces, according to EPA spokesman Dale Kemery.

“It appears that the results are echoing the New York findings,” Kemery said, citing reports issued last month by the New York state government. The reports found no “detrimental health or environmental effects.”

The EPA study also will address concerns that carcinogens may be emitted from pulverized rubber tires that provide cushioning for many newer-generation, mixed-fiber fields, and play surfaces.

But why would the EPA go to the trouble of pointing out possible health risks of shredded tire playground surfacing and then pretending to launch a study finding it to be safe?

Now we enter into the realm of speculation. Allow me to. Any reasonable person could deduce that using a shredded tires, which contain concentrated carcinogens and heavy metals, in a play area, could possibly be unsafe. Anyone who has ever smelled a modern playground on a sunny day will agree, there is a definite odor, implying that particles from the tires are present in the air. So the EPA acts like they're on the job, ready to address this inherently reasonable concern. Do they have any intention of finding it unsafe or even really studying it? No.

Because of their highly toxic ingredients tires are not allowed in landfills and cannot be burned as they were in the past, they really start to pile up. So you have a major industry around selling recycled tires. Hey, it's green! The EPA notoriously stays out of the way of industry of any kind. When absolutely forced to, they routinely slap big polluters with minuscule fines, thus creating an allowing a culture of  affordable polluting to persist throughout the country. In the U.S. today, largely thanks the the EPA's lackluster performance, it's cheaper to pollute all you want and pay the little fines, on the off chance you are ever caught.

So there's my impolite take on it, here's what Jeff Ruch, executive director of PEER had to say:

The polite way to say it is EPA misled parents and the public into believing it was actually addressing potential toxic exposure risks to kids. Incredibly, EPA takes the position it does not know enough to withdraw its endorsement of playground tire crumb. Common sense and a precautionary approach to children’s health dictate that EPA should not endorse something that it has not examined.

There is a humorous side to all of this. The EPA thought they could do this weak "evaluation" call it a study and rely on their press people to spin things up, making themselves look cautious while giving  playground tire crumb a solid future. HA! maybe ten years ago! This is the age of information. Fools.

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A young New Zealand man, Scott Gill, was recently sentenced to community service after burning more than twenty "tyres" (tires) at his birthday party.

Local firefighters put out the flames, but Gill reignited the tires, forcing firefighters to return.

In the courtroom, Judge Colin Doherty said that those present at the party were exposed to benzene levels "120 times the health safety level."

Until I came across this recent article, it hadn't occurred to me to blog about the dangers of tire burning and benzene exposure, because I naively thought recreational tire burning had fallen out of favor with the masses.

So for the record, here's a brief outline of why not to burn tires: 

Tires are manufactured from petrochemical feedstocks such as styrene and butadiene, which are both being classified as human carcinogens. Styrene is a benzene derivative and burning tires releases styrene and several benzene compounds.-Dr. Neil Carman, Hazards of Burning Tires

In addition to the above carcinogens, hundreds of other toxic chemicals are aslo released when tires are burned.

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In their own words:

The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) is the world's largest voluntary health organization dedicated to funding blood cancer research, education and patient services. LLS's mission: Cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. Since the first funding in 1954, LLS has awarded more than $600 million in research funding.

In 2009, LLS celebrates its 60th anniversary with the launch of a special Web site, lls.org/innovation. Moving forward, our goal for the future is one in which LLS has transformed the lives of people with blood cancer and the health care landscape that patients, families and caregivers navigate. Your stories are a part of our history and our future. We urge patients, caregivers and our fundraisers alike to share them and celebrate our mission.

The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society's Home Office is based in White Plains, NY. To learn more about us, use our Chapter Finder to find the LLS chapter in your area, or contact us via email or phone at (800) 955-4572.

LLS is an amazing organization and a great resource for those touched by leukemia and lymphoma. The new site is nicely done!
 

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Parish chemical Co. in Vineyard Utah faces a lawsuit filed late last week by the EPA. The suit stems from a 2008 inspection during which federal investigators discovered a staggering collection of toxic waste sitting “unsecured” in hundreds of open vats and containers.

According to the suit, the containers were “failing” and “improperly managed.” In order to “reduce the potential of fire and/or explosion,” EPA workers removed hundreds of the containers from the site.

Appallingly, many of the containers were not labeled as hazardous or had no label, others sported question marks, or labels reading “unknown.”

The lack of care clearly displayed by the company was not because the chemicals were considered benign, the substances discovered at Parish are some of the most flammable, volatile, and health hazardous chemicals currently in use. The list includes methylene chloride, acetone, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, and perchloric acid.

The following list of additional allegations appeared in yesterday’s Salt Lake Tribune:

•  Records for wastes shipped off-site were incomplete.
•  Drums had collapsed or were in poor condition.
•  Hazardous wastes were stored for years beyond a 90-day limit.
•  There was no record of tank inspections or air emissions tests.
•  The company did not have liability coverage for accidents.

According to the lawsuit, the cost of the federal response was $640,000. The suit seeks penalties of $32,500 to $37,500 per violation.

This type of reckless behavior puts workers at risk of unnecessary chemical exposure. Obviously Parish Chemical Co. has a very lax attitude about storing dangerous waste which directly indicates a lax attitude towards worker health and longevity.

All of the above listed chemicals are hazardous to human health, especially benzene. Long term exposure to the chemical severely impairs the immune system by disrupting the body's ability to produce blood cells, this can result in a number of potentially fatal hematological disorders like, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Parish will lose this case and pay a relatively small fine, but in situations like this it's the workers that really lose. At place like Parish an employee who regularly clocks in to do his or her job could be rewarded with a debilitating and potentially fatal illness. Sadly this is not uncommon, even with today's laws and safeguards workers are often sickened due to the actions of their employers.

If you or a loved one have been wrongfully harmed by benzene at work, it is important to speak with a benzene lawyer without delay. Some states have statues of limitations (time limits) that could block you from compensation. Reputable benzene lawyers charge nothing to discuss your case, and only receive payment if your case is successful.

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Today we remember the terrible tragedy of 9/11, and honor those who lost their lives. It is central to the future of our nation that we now seek to understand gross failure of the EPA, which worked closely with the Bush administration in the aftermath of the destruction, to deliberately downplay the risks associated with the toxic smoke from the fallen towers. 

A report filed by the Office of the Inspector General of the EPA in August 2003 explains that the Bush White House censored EPA press releases:

"When the EPA made a September 18 announcement that the air was 'safe' to breathe, it did not have sufficient data and analysis to make such a blanket statement. Furthermore, the White House Council on Environmental Quality influenced . . . the information that EPA communicated to the public through its early press releases when it convinced EPA to add reassuring statements and delete cautionary ones," (emphasis mine.)

In an Orwellian twist, an EPA statement pointing out that dust samples from lower Manhattan contained higher than safe levels of asbestos was changed by the White House to read: "samples confirm previous reports that ambient air quality meets OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards and consequently is not a cause for public concern."

The report also showed that language in part of an EPA draft which stated that asbestos levels in some areas were three times higher than national safety standard was changed to "slightly above the 1 percent trigger for defining asbestos material.

Among the deleted cautionary statements was a warning to "sensitive populations"  such as the elderly, and those with asthma and respiratory diseases.

Also deleted by the White House, a recommendation that Ground Zero should be cleaned by professionals. According to the 2003 report the recommendation was replaced with instructions for the public to "follow instructions from New York City Officials."

Here's what Mayor Giuliani said on September 30Th:

“There is a lot of questions about the air quality because there are at times in downtown Manhattan and then sometimes even further beyond that, a very strong odor. The odor is really just from the fire and the smoke that continues to go on. It is monitored constantly and is not in any way dangerous. It is well below any level of problems and any number of ways in which you test it.”

The October 26, 2001 New York Daily News article by Juan Gonzalez, "A Toxic Nightmare at Disaster Site," exposed that the EPA had indeed found that benzene and dioxin levels at Ground Zero were well in excess of acceptable levels.

Many of the Ground Zero responders, selflessly working to save fellow Americans, would surely have been there regardless of any warnings about toxic air. I speculate that many responders were aware of the toxic dangers they bravely faced, it doesn't take an EPA specialist to figure out that smoke from burning buildings probably contains toxins. But why wouldn't OSHA enforce normal worker safety standards especially months after 9/11, well past the emergency?

As a result of this high level downplaying of dangers, many who worked at Ground Zero in the months following 9/11 are now suffering greatly.

One recent study found that 25% of Ground Zero workers continue to suffer lung aliments.

Another new study recently covered by Benzene Leukemia Law Blog, reported that 9/11 responders face increased risk of multiple myeloma, a disease that is increasingly being linked to benzene exposure. Read the Post...

Ground Zero workers have not been compensated by the government in any way for the harm they have suffered as a result of their heroic actions. The Feal-Good Foundation, is a non-profit organization started by disabled ground zero worker John Feal, that raises money to help those harmed by their service at Ground Zero. Click here to check out the website and find out how you can help. While you're there, check out the eye opening video "Save The Brave," which outlines the plight of 9/11 Ground Zero workers.

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The lone star state is no stranger to controversy around problems with air pollution. Houston, Dallas, and many other major Texas cities are found on the federal government's dirty air list due to elevated ground level ozone pollution. This week the EPA said that Texas air pollution rules are out of compliance with the federal Clean Air Act, and proposed an abolition of current permitting practices.

Houston Mayor Bill White told San Antonio Express-News:

 “We think Texas' procedures should be improved.”

 “We were given only a few weeks to protest a permit that would allow dozens of tons of benzene per year to be put into our air, and there has been no action on the objection to the permit for over six months.” 

The permit would have renewed the company's ability to release 45 tons of benzene per year over the next ten years. Even without the renewal, current regulations allow Lyondell to continue releasing benzene, a known carcinogen, at it's current levels.

Critics of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality's pollution permitting procedures argue that the organization ignores other nearby facilities and their emissions when considering permits.

Mayor White:

"Each request is approved in a vacuum. Procedures today are tilted towards those putting cancer-causing chemicals in the air in large quantities and against those representing the public interest. They require people objecting to the permit to respond to an application within a matter of weeks, even if the polluter took months to prepare the application, and then the polluter can continue putting chemicals in the air under the old permit even after the old permit expired. That's just not right.”

But wait... what does TCEQ have to say for itself? Here's Richard Hyde, the agency's deputy director:

"Texas is a big state, and we have a lot of permitting programs that are significantly larger than other states. The EPA has a mindset that is a lot different than ours about how we achieve emissions reduction.”

He's right folks, Texas is big! So are their permitting programs, (so what?)

He's also spot on in the second sentence, the EPA has a mindset towards actual emissions reduction, the TCEQ has a mindset of using loopholes and ignoring data, which actually increases emissions. Two very different mindsets indeed.

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On May 30, 2008 Ned Prather stopped by his cabin northwest of Parachute Colorado. After  drinking water from his spring, he became violently ill and went to the hospital.

Testing of his water source revealed the presence of benzene, a carcinogenic substance used in oil and gas drilling.

The Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission responded by issuing notices of alleged violation to four oil and gas companies operating near the creek. The commission later dropped allegations against three of the companies after tests they say revealed that the contamination was coming from west of the creek, where only Williams Productions has operations.

Commission Director Dave Neslin:

“But we have not yet identified a specific release point.” 

Not surprisingly, Williams spokeswoman Susan Alvillar denies that the company is responsible.

How does she know? The company's own investigations, of course.

According to Richard Djokic, an attorney representing Prather and other partial owners of the affected property, his clients are upset that potential polluters are off the hook before the benzene source has even been determined.  

Djokic:

“They’ve asked the suspects to conduct the investigation,”

The ongoing benzene contamination has harmed Prather's hunting outfitting business.

Prather's story is not rare, property owners who live in proximity to oil and gas exploration and development have always faced potential water contamination problems. Of course, the companies are always sure that they are no to blame. It may be difficult to prove, but the fact is the benzene in Prather's spring came from some type of oil and gas co. operation.

Benzene is an organic solvent used widely in the industrial sector. Exposure to benzene is linked with debilitating and potentially fatal bone marrow failure disorders like, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and acute myeloid leukemia.

Those who have been wrongfully harmed by benzene should speak with a benzene attorney and discuss their case. Benzene victims have nothing to loose by speaking to a benzene attorney as most do not accept payment unless a case is successful.

If you have been harmed by benzene, call a benzene attorney today, you may be able to receive monetary compensation for your ordeal.

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Uniondemocrat.com reports that the Calaveras County Ca, Board of Supervisors is poised to relax restrictions that have barred local waste districts from dumping sludge containing hydrocarbons in excess of 1,000 ppm, in the county's only solid waste facility.

The Rock Creek Solid Waste Facility does not currently accept "bio-solids," as the sludge is known. The material contains upwards of 1000ppm of benzene, and methane.

A Public Works Department report says that state law and Rock Creek's own environmental impact report would allow this dumping, and that the move would save local waste districts money by eliminating the need to truck the waste to a private land fill in Stockton.

Public Works Director Tom Garcia:

“It solves a big problem, I don’t expect it to be a controversial issue.”

If he really doesn't expect controversy, then why is he bringing it up? It could be an attempt to pre-marginalize any dissenters.  

Why would people have a problem with this? Because hydrocarbons, such as benzene, are known carcinogens which are linked with potentially fatal health problems. Anyone living nearby has a right to be concerned.

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Dailybreeze.com reports that Shell Oil Co. has found the ground beneath the Carousel housing tract in Carson Ca., to be extensively contaminated with benzene and methane. 

The contamination is thought to stem from shell owned oil reserves operated on the land from the 1920's to 1960's. In those days, oil was stored in subterranean concrete lined tanks which are now illegal due to problems with leakage. Today oil is stored in above ground tanks.

Barbara Post, president of the Carousel Homeowners' Association said:

"Chemicals are a serious matter, we have to trust that Shell is going to take care of it for us."

So far, Shell seems to be reacting to the situation responsibly, but that attitude seems a bit naive. If one must trust Shell to take care of something like this, I would recommend also taking all possible measures toward forcing them to do the right thing.

Oil companies can be counted on to downplay any contamination related issue, here's a text book quote from shell spokeswoman Alison Chassen:

"We don't believe that there is reason to be concerned from a safety perspective, but we felt like it was the right thing to do to make sure there were not the same levels detected on residential properties."

No reason for concern? Very comforting I'm sure to for the 275 home owners on the Carousel tract.

Chassen is full of it. There is at the very least, some reason for concern in the area of safety when your neighborhood is found to be sitting on a toxic chemical plume. One such reason is that extensive subterranean benzene contamination has been known release fumes that seep into the structures located over the plume, potentially exposing residents to one of the most carcinogenic substances known to humans. 

Benzene exposure has been linked to debilitating and potentially fatal blood diseases like acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The possibility of people contracting these disorders should be of concern from any reasonable "safety perspective."

So far the testing has been done only on public rights of way, Shell is now seeking home owner's permission to test their yards.

The Regional Water Quality Control Board is overseeing the testing.

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According to the Indianapolis Star, the Indianapolis based chemical plant Vertellus, formerly Reily Tar & Chemical Co., has agreed to pay a 425,000 in fines and to a two year  $705,000 repair plan aimed at leak prevention and emissions monitoring.

Failure to comply with [chemical] leak detection and repair requirements under federal emissions standards for hazardous air pollutants was the rap.

The company arrogantly professed:

"[Vertellus] is confident that these emissions did not have any effect on it's employees or neighbors."

Translation: 

"Vertillus is confident that you people can't prove anything and cannot afford to oppose us. Don't mess with us...

Benzene has a long history of association with illness. Even when first manufactured in the early 1800's, benzene was suspected of harming human health. In 1928 the first study came out validating long held fears that benzene increases the risk of leukemia. In 1948 the American Petroleum Institute published a toxicological review of benzene stating that benzene caused leukemia, and that there was no safe exposure level.

Since then many studies have firmly established that benzene exposure can lead to acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and more. 

A recent study on Chinese workers found that airborne benzene levels of just 1ppm, (allowable levels according to OSHA and NIOSH standards,) caused a notable reduction in blood cell production. This shed light on the possibility that long term exposure to even minute levels of the chemical could lead to the bone marrow failure disorders mentioned in the above paragraph.

Over a hundred years of evidence links benzene to sickness and death. Thishas lead to reductions in it's use, and stricter regulation by OSHA and NIOSH limiting work place exposure. Both agencies still allow some airborne benzene to be present in work environments.

If you or a loved one have been harmed by benzene, a benzene lawyer is your best bet. Benzene lawyers know how to handle powerful corporations and make them pay for carelessly harming workers, and those who live in close proximity to industry.

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Due to the wide use of toxic materials in modern construction, indoor air is often more polluted than the air outside a building, even in polluted urban areas.

NASA scientists have compiled a list of houseplants they have found most useful in absorbing harmful gases, and biologically degrading these toxins before they can build up.

The following houseplants are considered by NASA to be the most effective in removing benzene, formaldehyde, trichloroethylene, and carbon monoxide:

• Bamboo palm
• Chinese evergreen
• English ivy
• Gerbera daisy
• "Janet Craig" Dracaena
• Dracaena "Marginata"
• Corn plant
• Mother-in-Law's Tongue
• Chrysanthemum
• Peace lily
• Dracaena "Warneckii"

Concerned about that last Benzene Leukemia Law Blog post? Get more plants!

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A new study receiving lots of attention this week has shown that burning common paraffin wax based candles releases potentially harmful pollutants.

Scientists from South Carolina State University burned candles in a special chamber so as to monitor the contents of the smoke, and found that benzene, toluene and ketones where present.

Benzene has been linked to bone marrow failure disorders like aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. Toluene and ketones are associated with asthma and birth defects.

Researcher and study co-author Amid Hamidi:

"Each time a candle is burned, if it is paraffin, which is basically petroleum-based, it provides really nasty chemicals in the emissions."

How worried should we be? Hamidi clarifies:

"Candles are so widespread, an occasional paraffin candle and its emissions will not likely affect you. But lighting many paraffin candles every day for years or lighting them frequently in an unventilated bathroom around a tub, for example, may cause problems."

The researchers also looked at emissions from vegetable and beeswax based candles.

Hamidi:

"Although more expensive, apparently [they] are healthier. They do not release potentially harmful amounts of indoor air pollutants while retaining all of the warmth, ambiance and fragrance of paraffin candles (which are made from petroleum).

OK, here's the grain of salt. The study was funded by a grant tilted "Soybean Candles for a healthy Life and well Being."

As you might imagine the National Candle Association does not agree with this study, and points to a German study it funded which found that paraffin based wax candles are safe.

Barbara Miller, spokesperson for the National Candle Association:

“all candles burn about the same way … When you burn a candle properly, you should get carbon dioxide and water vapor.”

Burn a candle properly? How many ways are there to burn one?

Lets be clear, benzene is a natural byproduct of combustion, if you chose to burn anything at all inside your house, your indoor benzene levels will go up.

There's no doubt in my mind that burning paraffin candles is less healthy than burning "natural wax" candles. I would have told you that well before this study, which is just more fodder in the ongoing battle between "conventional" and "natural" products. 

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Researchers at the University of Houston will soon be working with The Texas Institute for Genomic Medicine, and Indiana University, in an effort to understand how industrial chemicals such as benzene, lead, mercury, arsenic and carbon monoxide, affect human health.

Funded by a $3.2 million U.S. Environmental Protection Agency grant, the study will seek a more reliable chemical risk assessment that will shed light on how chemicals affect humans.

University of Houston Assistant Professor Maria Bondesson:

"There are so many industrial chemicals in the environment -- more than 80,000 -- but only a few are tested for their danger levels and, moreover, the synergies between them aren't being analyzed. One barrier to the current methods of testing such toxins has been that rats and mice are only exposed to one chemical at a time, which slows down the assessment of risks and does not address the fact that people are exposed to several chemicals at once in real life, many of which interact with each other."

This is a very important field of study as our current understanding of toxin exposure is extremely limited. 

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In what amounts to a mere slap on the wrist, Exxon Mobil Corp., the world's largest publicly traded oil company, has been found guilty of killing migratory birds in five states.

The violations of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act involved large open air natural gas and well reserve pits, and waste water storage ponds, containing high levels of benzene, arsenic, lead, mercury, actetone, and more.

An estimated 85 protected birds died between 2004 and 2009 after exposure to the toxic pits and ponds in Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado and Wyoming.

600,000 wow! that'll teach 'em for good! (they make that amount every five minutes, 24/7.)

As long as it's cheaper to pay fines that to do the right thing initially, we're going to continue to see lots of illegal pollution from the oil giants.

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USnews.com reports that 9/11 responders may face increased risk of the hematological disease multiple myeloma.

The brave and selfless heroes who worked at Ground Zero in the wake of the World Trade Center bombings have in many cases sacrificed their health for the good of the country. Most of them probably would have been there even if the EPA had not deliberately downplayed the risks posed by massive exposure to the carcinogenic dust and smoke. Perhaps if the EPA had taken the threat more seriously, more precautions could have been taken to protect the health and futures of those who risked it all to help others in our country's hour of need. 

Countless photos show responders wearing SARS style dust masks, which in this case were the breathing protection equivalent of a sugar pill, not up to the task of filtering carcinogens from heavily chemical laden smoke.

The recent upswing of multiple myeloma in ground zero workers is being seen as the beginning of a "third wave" of debilitating ground zero related illness. The first wave was coughing and acute respiratory distress and the "second wave" was chronic lung diseases. Dr. Robin Herbert, co-director of the World Trade Center Medical Monitoring Program fears that this "third wave" could last for decades as most workers can safely be said to have inhaled large quantities of carcinogens, and many cancers take years to develop.

Alarmingly, though multiple myeloma is almost always a disease of the the elderly, with only 1% of cases found in patients under 40, half of the cases diagnosed in 9/11 rescue workers were identified among law enforcement officers under the age of 45. 

Dr. Denise Pereira, assistant professor of clinical medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine said:

 "A lot of the things they were exposed to, such as benzene, have in the past possibly been implicated with an increased incidence in the cancer. It does make theoretical sense."

Benzene exposure has been proven to affect blood cell production in humans and is already linked to several other diseases of the blood and marrow such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Peter Grandich, a billionaire philanthropist dedicated to supporting 9/11 workers said:.

"Of the 40,000 people who responded to ground zero after the attacks, 70 percent, or 33,000, are sick or dying as a result of their service, we are talking about thousands of EMTs [Emergency Medical Technicians], EMS [Emergency Medical Service] workers, police, fire, military, construction workers and volunteers from all over the country who now suffer from breathing and lung ailments, post-traumatic stress disorder, organ failure and other horrific physical and mental illnesses."

Many of these folks are now unable to work. Grandich expressed outrage at the plight of these brave souls: 

"As an American and a native New Yorker, I'm extremely upset that the true heroes of America's greatest single tragedy are being totally discarded and left to literally die. And, despite this truly appalling occurrence, not one of them has been known to say if they had to do it all over again, they wouldn't"

The U.S government should compensate all of these people and take care of them and their families for the rest of their lives. Their service to our country and the victims of 9/11 should be generously rewarded (I mean money here folks).

Since the above will probably never happen, especially since most of our tax dollars have recently been handed to corrupt bankers in what will one day be seen as the greatest most ingenious robbery in the history of human kind, the task of helping these families falls on you and me.

The Feal-Good Foundation, is a non-profit organization started by disabled ground zero worker John Feal, that raises money to help those harmed by their service at ground zero. Click here to check out the website and find out how you can help. While you're there, check out the eye opening video "Save The Brave," which outlines the plight of 9/11 ground zero workers.

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Old underground gas storage tanks put people at risk of exposure to benzene and other carcinogens. As these tanks deteriorate, they release their content into the ground, threatening to poison ground water, and drinking water wells.

According to a 2005 Sierra Club report, in 2005 the U.S. had 680,000 leaking underground storage tanks, with about 9,000 new leaks discovered annually. 

Fortunately the recent economic stimulus package includes $197,000 for storage tank cleanup. The funds are to be used for sites of unknown ownership, or where property owners are unwilling or unable to pay for the cleanup.

Margret Levin of the Sierra Club said:

"The longer that leaking tanks remain buried and aren’t cleaned up, the greater the chance of ground water contamination. The gasoline and oil from the tanks contain toxic substances such as benzene, toluene and heavy metals that can cause cancer and other health problems."

“The money that we’re getting won’t completely solve the problem, but it will help,” 

Long term exposure to even small amounts of benzene has been shown to reduce white blood cell counts, and has been linked to life threatening blood diseases and leukemias like, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

People living near old or even newer gas stations, or any buried gas or oil tanks, face possible water table or well contamination and should consider having their water tested for petrochemicals.

If you or a loved one have been wrongfully exposed to benzene, your best ally is a qualified benzene lawyer. Benzene lawyers are familiar with all the issues surrounding wrongful benzene exposure, and are equipped to go up against even the most powerful corporations in order to obtain compensation for victims. A reputable benzene lawyer will ask for no money unless they win your case. If there is any chance you've been exposed, you owe it to yourself to contact a benzene lawyer today.

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A Sinclair owned crude oil refinery in Tulsa Oklahoma has been slapped with several safety violations after it was inspected by The U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration, (OSHA).

The investigation was part of OSHA's National Emphasis Program for Petroleum Refineries. The program seeks to insure that refineries across the nation are in compliance with OSHA's process safety management regulations.

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According to the World Health Organization over 25% of illness world wide is caused by environmental toxins, meaning pollution.

Arguably, the ignorance that allowed humans to mindlessly pollute the planet in pursuit of economic prosperity fueled the industrial revolution and allowed the rise of industrialized nations in the 20th century. However, today there are many reasons why this mentality must be cast aside. Modern science has recently shed light on just how negatively pollution can affect our health and our environment. 

Benzene, just one carcinogen of the many found in modern pollution, has been shown to dramatically increase the risk of life threatening hematological (blood) diseases like aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, and leukemias such as acute lymphocytic leukemia, and acute myelogenous leukemia. 

I'm sure many would point out that we have improved our nation's air quality in the last 30 years, and that our air is now cleaner than ever. While this may be true, a large portion of our population is breathing toxic air daily. And while we're on the subject, let's remember the developing world. A major reason our air here in the U.S. is cleaner these days is that many big polluters have moved to to poorer nations with little or no regulation of pollution. This forces levels of pollution unknown in today's U.S., on millions of the world's poorest people.

Our air may be cleaner than ever, but in many densely populated parts of the U.S. the air quality is cause for alarm. Recent revelations as to the toxicity of the air outside many U.S. schools has lead the EPA to launch an unprecedented new air toxics monitoring initiative that will analyze the air outside 62 schools in 22 states. The schools are all in areas which according to government data, are determined to be toxic hot spots.

The EPA acknowledges that this program comes in the wake of a recent USA Today study which used government data to show that air outside 435 schools was more toxic than than air outside Meredeth Hitchens Elementary. Hitchens Elementary was an Ohio school closed in 2005 after the Ohio EPA discovered air born carcinogen concentrations 50 times higher than acceptable state levels.

Clearly we still have work to do cleaning up our nation's air.

For all it's hyperbole, I got a kick out of the following editorial from Ohio's Ironton Tribune which makes the case for clean air as a inalienable right for all Americans. While a shade nationalistic I agree with this sentiment though I would extend the right to all inhabitants of the planet, and call it a human right. I think that the idea will almost certainly be embraced as the information age allows humans to learn exactly what they are breathing, and why it's dangerous:

"When our founding fathers wrote that all Americans had certain inalienable rights they were trying to secure key liberties they felt all citizens deserved.

"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness" were chief among these. It would have been impossible for the authors of the Declaration of Independence to know there was at least one more they should have included: the right to breathe clean air..."

Continue reading...

These days you've just got to ask yourself, why should anyone be allowed to release known carcinogens, at any level, into the air we all have to breathe?

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Two years ago, a massive plume of toxic chemicals was discovered beneath the site of a Sydney waterfront development. Now Australia's tax payers face footing the $98m clean-up bill.

Australia's Environment Protection Authority just declared that chemical leaching of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and cyanide at the site poses "a significant risk of harm to human health and the environment" also pointing out the the chemicals are at "concentrations significantly exceeding trigger values for the protection of human health". 

According to the Sydney Morning Herald, it has also recently come to light that, "the contaminated groundwater is making its way into Darling Harbor, potentially killing marine life at the tourist hot spot."

The Herald also pointed out that:

There is a distinct possibility the site's polluter, Alinta, may escape the cost of the clean-up because a higher threshold of remediation is required to allow residential towers on the site.  

This would be normal as well engineered loopholes often allow polluting corporations to escape cleaning up the toxic messes they create worldwide.

Chief executive of the Barangaroo Development Authority, John Tabart, says the site is safe because "contaminated ground water is away from the public." he continued:

"It is controlled... and removed from that area, [but] this can't continue on and that is why there is now a remediation order."

Folks like Mr. Talbert are often overly optimistic about remediation and the safety of highly toxic sites. It would be nice if contaminated ground water didn't pose a threat to the public due to it's being underground, that would seem logical to those unfamiliar with benzene plumes. At best Mr. Talbert is unaware that in areas heavily contaminated with aromatic hydrocarbons, vapors have been known to rise to the surface sometimes seeping into homes. Also, underground chemical plumes are notoriously difficult to completely remediate, meaning there will likely be some amount of benzene present under the site for a very long time.

Recently a government gazette said this about the contaminated groundwater at the site:

"[The contaminated groundwater] is impacting the surrounding areas, including the basement of a residential building adjacent to the site, potentially exposing humans in that building to harmful vapors; however, it is currently being effectively controlled."

Prolonged exposure to benzene has been linked to severe and potentially fatal blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and others. According to the World Health Organization, humans should take all possible measures to avoid benzene whenever possible.  

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The Genovique Specialties plant in Chestertown Maryland is at odds with the Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) regarding assessment and clean up of pollution from the plant witch has contaminated the soil and groundwater beneath the facility with dangerous carcinogenic chemicals.

The plant manufactures "plasticizers," substances that make plastics flexible. The company has long used a series of unlined ponds to treat it's waste water, which contains benzene, touline, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, better known as BEHP.

MDE officials say the chemicals have leached into soil and groundwater around the facility. Responsible people are concerned that the chemicals could be leaving the site. The plant is situated by a small unnamed stream that drains into the Chesapeake Bay.

Though a settlement requiring cleanup of the long standing pollution was reached a year ago between Genovique and the state, all cleanup efforts are on hold due to disputes with the plant's owner.

Marian Hwang, a lawyer for the Illinois-based corporation, sent a letter to the state earlier this month claiming that her client is being required to do more testing than is needed because the levels of toxic pollution monitored in the ground water have declined and there is no evidence any has seeped beyond the fence line. 

Yes I'm sure discovering the full extent of the contamination would be undesirable and expensive for the company, but I'm still not sympathetic. The fact is that these are some of the most dangerous chemicals on earth, and an uncooperative attitude towards keeping them out of the environment, and contact with humans and animals is a disgrace.

Benzene exposure is linked with debilitating and potentially fatal diseases like acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, to name a few. Touline is known to damage organs and the nervous system. BEHP exposure has been shown to disrupt reproduction and sexual development in lab animals.

Genovique did submit a cleanup plan, but it was deemed unacceptable by authorities.

Dawn Stolzfus, MDE spokeswoman:

"We've reviewed the cleanup plan, and we don't agree with it, we're not going to accept a substandard plan, we're taking our time to make sure the cleanup is done right."

MDE maintains that the pollution at the Chestertown site poses no immediate threat to neighboring residents, though not everyone agrees. Environmental activists are annoyed at the state's continuing inability to deal with a site that has been the source of pollution complaints for decades.

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In the United States our way of life is made possible by petroleum products such as gasoline and oil. Indeed we would not be where we are today without oil, but what is the cost to the health of our nation? Considering that most of us are regularly exposed to gasoline vapors, should we accept the addition of benzene, a class A known human carcinogen, to our gasoline?

Gasoline and oil products and the industries that surround them pose a significant threat to the health of consumers, workers, and communities:

• The international center for technology assessment estimates that medical costs associated with gasoline and diesel related cancers, birth defects, respiratory illnesses are well above $500 billion a year.
• An Denver USA study shows that children living near heavy traffic and/or gas stations are six times more likely to have cancer, and eight times more likely to have leukemia. (Benzene is unquestionably linked to several leukemias like acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphocytic leukemia.)
• Britain's Birmingham University calls gasoline and vehicle emissions "the primary culprits" directly responsible for their conclusion that UK children living near major traffic hubs face 12 times more risk of cancer related death.
• German scientists found that blood benzene concentrations in children living near heavy traffic or filling stations are 70% higher than in other children.

The above facts are indeed disturbing and perhaps a slap in the face to anyone who hasn't yet noticed that human health is often unable to trump profit in the current economy.

Take for example the tobacco industry, makers of the only product that, when used as directed, causes death. Like the petrochemical industry they too are allowed to add benzene, and whatever other chemicals they want, to their products without any regulation.

But why must we be poisoned on a regular basis? Why don't we just take the known carcinogens out of the gas and call it good? 

Let's face it, it's no coincidence that of the seven EPA designated class A known human carcinogens, benzene and 1,3 butadiene (the ones in gas and cigarettes), are by far the least restricted. Restricting these commodity chemicals, or replacing them with alternatives (yes they exist) would cut deeply into the profits of some of the most economically powerful groups in the world.

It is true that blending ethanol with gasoline can result in a significantly less toxic fuel, in some parts of the U.S. these fuels are already available, but many doubt that ethanol blended fuels will ever sweep the globe because ethanol production is agriculture based and thus elaborate and costly.

While it is currently impossible to completely eliminate petrochemical exposure in our population, we must hold oil companies accountable for their actions and insure that the fuels that humans regularly handle are as free of carcinogens as possible. The facts above show that the current situation is completely unacceptable.

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John McDevitt of Philadelphia's KYW radio said the following regarding the incident this week at St. Josephs:

One person was being treated and dozens of others were evacuated after a hazardous chemical spilled inside a lab at St. Joseph's University's science center.

The mishap occurred around 12:30pm.

Fire officials say the substance -- benzene -- can be toxic when inhaled or absorbed through the skin.

A decontamination corridor was set up near the spill site to help anyone exposed to the chemical rinse it off.

OK, not much info here. There's just one thing I'd like to point out: use of the word "can" is a bit misleading since benzene is well understood to be extremely toxic to humans not just sometimes, but all the time.

Short term exposure to benzene can lead to symptoms like shortness of breath, dizziness disorientation, vomiting, loss of consciousness, and in major exposures, death.

Long term exposure to small amounts, and short term exposure to large amounts of benzene can lead to serious health complications down the line. Benzene has well established links to hematological (blood) disorders and leukemias. Myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and acute myloid leukemia are just a few of the debilitating diseases that can be caused by exposure to this chemical.

If you or a loved one have been wrongfully exposed to benzene, you should seek the free advice of a qualified benzene lawyer. Benzene lawyers are well versed in the issues and precedents associated with wrongful benzene exposure, and are skilled at going up against even the most powerful corporations in order to help victims receive the compensation they deserve.

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U.S. Steel has just released the details of their plans to clean up an underground benzene plume that has been seeping into Lake Michigan from the company's Gary Steel Works. Benzene levels in the groundwater were up to 600 times the federal drinking water limit.

Though the exact source and of the benzene is difficult to pinpoint, many speculate that it came from an abandoned "tank farm" at a demolished coke plant formerly located on the seven mile long property.

U.S. Steel says it is already installing 11 specially designed 65 foot deep wells that will pump groundwater to the surface where a vacuum and catalytic oxidizer will allegedly burn 99 percent of the pollutant.

Benzene is a virulently cancerous organic compound. Industry's wide use of benzene, from the undustrial revolution to present day, has left a legacy of pollution, suffering, and death that has affected the lives of countless innocent bystanders. Benzene is associated with debilitating blood disorders like aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, and non-Hogkin's lymphoma, among others.

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Yesterday's press release from the Environmental Protection Agency is a promising indicator that the EPA getting work done in ways unheard of during the long years of the Bush/Cheney era:

WASHINGTON – EPA has released the latest version of a state-of-the-science tool that estimates health risks from breathing air toxics in the United States. The National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA), based on 2002 air emissions data, helps federal, state, local and tribal governments identify areas and specific pollutants for further evaluation to better understand risks they may pose.

Air toxics are of concern because they are known to or are suspected of causing cancer and other serious health problems, including birth defects. The report assessed 180 air toxics plus diesel particulate matter from stationary sources of all sizes and from mobile sources such as cars, trucks, buses and construction equipment. 



The 2002 NATA estimates that most people in the United States have an average cancer risk of 36 in 1 million if exposed to 2002 emissions levels over the course of their lifetime. In addition, 2 million people—less than one percent of the total U.S. population—have an increased cancer risk of greater than 100 in 1 million. Benzene was the largest contributor to the increased cancer risks.
[emphasis mine] NATA provides broad estimates of risk over geographic areas of the country and not definitive risks to specific individuals. The results are best used to prioritize pollutants and areas for further study, not as the sole basis for regulation or risk reduction activities. 

Since the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, air toxic emissions have decreased by 40 percent from all sources. NATA can be used to help all levels of government target further reductions in air toxics emissions.



This assessment further demonstrates the fact that when we pollute the environment, especially the air, we are also polluting our selves. The future challenge will be keeping our productivity up while eliminating the airborne emission of known carcinogens like benzene. 

More information on NATA: www.epa.gov/nata2002

Information on air toxics: www.epa.gov/oar/toxicair/newtoxics.html

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Are you in the habit of squeezing a few extra drops into your tank after the pump has automatically shut off? If so don't try it in Oregon! The state has outlawed topping off in an effort to reduce airborne levels of benzene, a known carcinogen.

Uri Papish, air quality program operations manager for the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) said this about the new law:

“We know that in a lot of counties the benzene levels are far above public health benchmarks, monitoring at one location in Lane County in 2008, for example, showed an average annual benzene reading more than 13 times above the Environmental Protection Agency’s health recommendation.

How will this actually reduce airborne benzene levels? Papish has answers:

Prohibiting gas station attendants from topping off gas tanks — adding just a little more gas after the pump has automatically shut off — keeps them from spilling gas, which releases benzene and other pollutants.

Though the move is being hailed by many as a piece of difficult to enforce regulatory overkill, many americans are still unfamiliar with the dangers of benzene exposure. I would argue that any small reglatory measure taken to reduce airbourne benzene, even if only partially successful, is a good idea. Especially in this case where a simple action can make a big difference in airborne benzene levels, and thus improve public health. But how big of a difference can this really make? 

Lisa Arkin of the Oregon Toxics Alliance is optomistic:

"The DEQ estimates indicate that the changes will reduce benzene emissions by 28 tons annually and other volatile organic compounds by 1,610 tons per year."

Cheap to implement, results look nice on paper, this seems like an elegantly simple way decrease the public's exposure to benzene.

Arkin:

“For us, the best result is cleaning up our air, but the second-­best thing is it reduces greenhouse gas emissions. … It’s not about intruding into people’s personal car space. It’s that this (benzene) is going into the total airshed of our community.”

Benzene is a carcinogenic volitile organic hydrocarbon well known to wreak havoc on the human immune system. Studies continue to show that prolonged exposure, even to small amounts of benzene, disrupts the production of blood cells in humans. This can lead to a long list of bone marrow failure disorders and several types of leukemia including, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, non-Hogkins lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and others. 

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Following a fire and explosion that claimed the lives of two employees, and injured three more, OSHA has cited Delek Refining Ltd, in Tyler Texas, with  30 safety violations.

"OHSA's Process Safety Management standard contains specific requirements that are essential to the safety and health of workers in the petroleum refining industry, and it is crucial that employers follow these safety and health requirements. If Delek had followed OHSA's standards, it is possible this tragic accident could have been avoided."--Stephen Boyd, OHSA's Area Director in Dallas.

The explosion was caused by the ignition of flammable vapors after a naphtha discharge line ruptured in the saturated gas unit at the refinery.

OSHA found one willful safety violation due to failure to "maintain and repair" processing equipment. (Willful violations are violations committed with "intentional disregard of" or "indifference to" the standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Act.)

The other serious citations were due to violations of OSHA Process Safety Management rules. The more interesting citations involved asbestos, benzene, electrical, and fire extinguisher standards. (Serious violations are reserved for scenarios where death or serious injury could result from a hazard that should have already been addressed by the employer.)

Penalties are expected to total 217,350. A number with fewer figures than I'd like to see, considering the loss of life involved.

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New York Senator Charles E. Schumer has written a letter to the owner of the Tonawana Coke Corperation strongly urging the company to take swift action to reduce harmful benzene emissions. 

Schumer noted that the plant had reduced emissions of certain toxins, but said that "much more needs to be done to reduce the amount of benzene released into the air."

An EPA and DEC funded study found last year that airborne benzene levels in and around the town of Tonawanda are up to 75 times higher than New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) recommended guidelines.

Schumer:

“Studies have proven that exposure to these sky-high benzene levels are harmful and that the emissions from this plant are simply too high. A more concerted effort must be made to prevent these toxic chemicals from making their way into our air. I urge the Tonawanda Coke Corporation to map out a plan to reduce these harmful emmissions and present it to the public -- to ensure the health and safety of residents and workers.”

Schumer went on to underline the urgency of the threat that benzene emissions pose to the health of the people of Tonawanda...

"Due to the fact that benzene is a known carcinogen, every effort must be made to greatly reduce the amount that is being released by Tonawanda Coke. Residents of the Town of Tonawanda and the surrounding area are experiencing numerous health problems resulting from these toxic emissions. Serious diseases such as fibromyalgia and many types of cancer are occurring at irregularly high rates among Tonawanda residents. This in addition to less serious ailments such as constant headaches, and increased asthma and allergy rates, are proof enough that something is happening to the town’s residents. It is no coincidence that those suffering from serious health problems live in close proximity to the Tonawanda Coke plant.

Indeed exposure to benzene causes cancer and bone marrow failure (BMF) diseases like aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and others.

The Tone of Schumer's letter was grave but respectful of Tonawanda Coke's contributions the economy of Tonawanda and New York State. Tonawanda Coke Corporation, great company if you can see past them breaking environmental laws and poisoning innocent people with massive amounts of airborne benzene.

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What is benzene?

Benzene is a commodity chemical widely used by the industrial sector in the production of an extensive list of everyday items.

While very useful, benzene is also a well understood carcinogen that destroys the body's ability to create blood cells, severely damaging the immune system. Benzene exposure leads to a number debilitating and deadly diseases such as: aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute meyeloid leukemia.

Complete avoidance of exposure to benzene is nearly impossible at present due to it's use in many products such as fuel, glues, cigarettes and paints. That being said, one should take the advice of The World Health Organization to heart and avoid benzene "whenever possible."

How could you be exposed?

• Outdoor air can contain benzene from vehicle exhaust, fumes from the gas station, industrial emissions, industrial waste sites, and cigarette smoke. 
• Indoor air often contains higher benzene levels than outdoor air because it can become trapped and build up in poorly ventilated buildings. This airborne benzene comes from glues, paints, furniture wax, and detergents.
• Leaks from underground gas tanks at petroleum stations and seepage from hazardous waste sites can contaminate wells and groundwater.
• The greatest risk is posed to people working in industries that make or use benzene.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) point out that, "The seriousness of poisoning caused by benzene depends on the amount, route, and length of time of exposure, as well as the age and preexisting medical condition of the exposed person."

Benzene exposure is sickening people around the world. Many studies are underway seeking safer alternatives. If you or a loved one have been sickened by benzene, contact a benzene lawyer. A good benzene lawyer can make sure you are monetarily compensated for your illness, and won't expect payment unless your case is successful.

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Tseng I-Ching, a 16-year-old high school student from Taiwan, has just taken top honors at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) for her discovery of a bacterium that decomposes polystyrene or Styrofoam.

Though Styrofoam no longer contains the ozone destroying CFC's we used to hear about, it is still a threat to humans and the environment because it virtually never breaks down, and requires dangerous chemicals for it's manufacture. It does deteriorate into small granules, but those float on air and water and tamper with the food chain.

The production of polystyrene requires benzene, a known carcinogen that causes bone marrow failure diseases such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myeloid leukemia. 

While biodegradable alternatives to classic polystyrene are becoming more available, the U.S. tosses out some 25 billion non-biodegradable Styrofoam cups annually.

If we must use carcinogenic chemicals in the production of eating and drinking containers, (which for the record seems like a bad idea to me), it would be nice if that toxic material could break down instead of building up for future generations to deal with. Hopefully Tseng I-Ching's discovery can help us facilitate this.

Benzene is a highly useful chemical that industry has depended on throughout the industrial revolution. Indeed it seemed pretty cool at first, but now significant evidence suggests that there is no safe exposure level for this carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbon. The frequent use of benzene in industrial applications is sickening people world wide. Many of those sickened are innocent bystanders who live in proximity to industrial areas. Industrial workers also face the threat of benzene related disease.

Many people who have been wrongfully exposed to benzene have been able to receive monetary compensation for their illness through working with a reputable benzene lawyer. Benzene lawyers specialize in going up against even the most powerful corporations, and holding them accountable for their actions.

If you or a loved one have been sickened by benzene, discuss your situation benzene lawyer, they don't get paid unless your case is successful.

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If you have kids or grand kids you've probably noticed the springy recycled tire rubber surfaces found under many newer playgrounds. The material is also used on sports fields in modern artificial turf. The popular surfaces, made from shredded tires, reduce injury, require little maintenance, and are weatherproof.  So what's the problem? Tires contain known carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, as well as lead, and other heavy metals..



The EPA is conducting air and surface samples at  four fields and playgrounds that feature recycled tires. According to AP the study was implemented in light of other EPA research suggesting health risks from exposure to the tire particles.

"From everything I've been able to see, I'm not sure there's an imminent hazard, but it's something we're investigating, it's critical to take a look at all the data together."

- Michael Firestone, EPA's head of children's health protection. 

Much of the concern is due to tiny particles of "turf dust" that could be kicked up and inhaled during play.

Dr. Philip Landrigan, professor and chairman of community and preventive medicine at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York is calling for a moratorium on the surface until more studies are done.

 "All those toxins are very available to kids, if kids are playing and running, all this chemical soup is going to get on their skins and their fingers."- Dr. Landrigan

This issue is a perfect example of the classic disconnect regarding dangerous toxins in our society. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 25% of illness worldwide is due to human exposure to toxins. With that in mind it seems ridiculous that we would purposefully place large quantities of a material made from known carcinogens on our children's playgrounds and athletic fields.

Of particular concern to parents should be the lead and benzene present in "crumb rubber." Lead is well known to cause neurological damage in children, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advocates eliminating all non-essential uses of lead.

Benzene is linked with bone marrow failure diseases like aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myeloid leukemia.

The EPA points out that chemicals in recycled tires vary by location and manufacturer.

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Hydraulic fracturing or "fracking," a controversial natural gas drilling practice that involves the use of large quantities of a toxic fluid mixture to facilitate gas extraction, has enjoyed exemption from environmental laws for too long. On Tuesday Democratic representitives Dianna DeGette, Maurice Hinchey, and Jarred Polis introduced legislation aiming to reverse Bush era measures that had exempted fracking from regulation under the Safe Drinking Water Act and other environmental laws in 2005. In the Senate, Democrat Bob Casey introduced similar legislation.

"Families, communities, and local governments are upset that the safety of their water has been compromised by a special interest exemption, and we join them in that frustration," Rep Polis Dem/Co.

The above exemption stemmed from a controversial 2004 EPA study which stated that hydraulic fracturing posed "no threat to drinking water." Although the report took considerable fire from independent researchers, and government whistleblowers, it was a major factor in influencing congress to exempt hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water act.

The new legislation would also repeal the natural gas drilling industry's Bush era exemption from the Federal Emergency Planning and Community Right To Know acts. Currently the exact compositions of these fluids are largely unknown to the public, though benzene and many other known carcinogens are known to be present in the fracking mixture. Environmental experts believe that up to 90% of the chemicals used are toxic to humans

The Hydraulic Fracturing process, invented by Haliburton, is especially useful in squeezing a bit more gas from older wells, and extracting natural gas from shale formations. Fracking involves injecting huge volumes of water laced with benzene and hundreds of other toxic chemicals, deep into the earth. Although the chemicals are injected well below the water table, as much as 60% of the fluid is later recovered and sometimes stored above ground in open pits. In recent years many groundwater contamination incidents have occurred damaging groundwater, and human health, while raising serious questions regarding the validity of the 2004 EPA study.

Fracking critics, myself included, widely speculate that then VP Dick Cheney, a former Haliburton exec, was behind the 2005 exemptions.

"It's time to fix an unfortunate chapter in the Bush administration's energy policy and close the 'Halliburton loophole' that has enabled energy companies to pump enormous amounts of toxins, such as benzene and toluene, into the ground that then jeopardize the quality of our drinking water," Rep. Hinchey Dem/NY

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The EPA has announced this week that British Petroleum (BP) has been emitting the known carcinogen benzene at it's Whiting (IND) refinery's waste water treatment plant without adequate air pollution control devices for almost six years.

In the wake of this revelation, nineteen congress members from all of the Great Lakes states have joined forces to call for a "systematic look" at BP Whiting's compliance with it's water, air and land pollution permits.

U.S. Rep. Mark Kirk, R-Ill., had this to say in a statement that accompanied a letter to EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson:

"This latest development further underscores the fact that BP cannot be trusted to meet federal clean air and water requirements, It is my hope that the EPA takes swift action to review all of BP's pollution permits to ensure there are no other violations that have gone unnoticed. 

Rep. Kirk has a point, BP can't be trusted. The company already faces several other pollution related lawsuits including a Texas City suit around major violations of Texas environmental laws. The suit alleges that improper maintenance of equipment at BP's Texas City refinery caused an explosion that killed 15 workers, sickened 170 residents, and released massive quantities of benzene and other carcinogens.  Let's put it this way, they're not going to win this one.

Rep. Kirk went on to say:

"No one argues against the need to expand production capability at the Whiting facility, but there should be zero tolerance for releasing deadly poisons into our air and water.''

Kirk is referring to a controversial plan to expand the Whiting facility. I like the zero tolerance part, but to say that no one argues against the expansion plan is completely disingenuous. A brief search of the web will turn up countless arguments against the expansion, such as the following from Henry Henderson, a blogger who lives in the shadow of the plant:

"The obvious question repeats itself: if current operations of the refinery result in serious violations of laws that protect human health and safety, and damage the environment, why should the company be allowed to expand refinery operations to accept even dirtier crude than it currently treats, and increase the pollution from the facility?"'

The fact that benzene causes cancer has been well documented, but studies over the last few years suggest that even current allowable benzene exposure levels set by the EPA and OSHA may negatively impact health. I think it's only a matter of time before the EPA will be forced by overwhelming scientific evidence to admit there is no safe long term exposure level for benzene. 

Although benzene is a commodity chemical with many useful applications, I think society is in the process of discovering that it's even more dangerous than we thought. Too dangerous to be allowed at any level in our air water or soil.

Because benzene is heavily relied upon by the industrial sector, researching safer substitutes must be a part of the solution.

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A recent Study by Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) found that the new car smell is an unhealthy "toxic cocktail," that could lead to long term health problems.

Dr. Steve Brown, head of CSIRO's Air Quality Control research says in a CSIRO press release:

"Just as air inside our homes and workplaces is often much more polluted than the air outside, so sitting in a new car can expose you to levels of toxic emissions many times beyond goals established by Australia's National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC)".

The new car smell, highly sought after by some, and dreaded by the chemically sensitive, can be attributed to VOC's (volatile organic compounds.)  

A press release from CSIRO listed the following air toxics found in "high levels" in new cars:

• Benzene - a known human carcinogen linked to bone marrow failure diseases such as: aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myelogenous leukemia,  
• Acetone - a mucosal irritant
• Cyclohexanone - a possible human carcinogen
• Ethylbenzene - a systemic toxic agent
• MIBK - a systemic toxic agent
• n-Hexane - a neurotoxic agent
• Styrene - a probable human carcinogen
• Toluene - a central nervous system dysfunction agent
• Xylene isomers - a fetal development toxic agent 

Brown continues:

"To avoid some exposure to this toxic cocktail, people who buy new cars should make sure there is plenty of outside air entering the vehicle while they drive, for at least six months after the vehicle has been purchased, although this may not be possible in heavy traffic due to air toxics from car exhausts. Ultimately, what we need are cars with interior materials that produce low emissions".

This study points out that new car interior VOC levels are significantly reduced after the first six months, and that some manufacturers are already taking measures to reduce toxic materials used in car interiors.

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Scientists in Houston Texas will be looking into emissions from flares at refineries and chemical plants to asses how they contribute to smog. 

The study is funded by the Texas Environmental Research Consortium, a nonprofit group founded in 2002 with a goal of studying ozone, a key ingredient in smog.

Note: Ozone is helpful in the upper atmosphere in protecting the planet from harmful UV rays. The industrial generation of this invisible gas here on the planet's surface contributes to lung damage in humans and animals.

It is estimated that 1,600 tons of smog-forming nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, including benzene, are released into Houston's skies daily.

According to a University of North Carolina study formaldehyde from the flares mixes with other pollution increasing Houston's ozone levels by up to 30 parts per billion. Texas's current plan for smog reduction does not take emissions from the flares into account.

“If there is a problem with flares, it upends the entire regulatory strategy,” - Harvey Jeffries, atmospheric chemist 

So far researchers have been finding high levels of benzene in the plume emissions. Benzene is an organic solvent known to cause a wide array of blood disorders such as myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, and acute myelogenous leukemia.

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When a local oil refinery changed hands in 1970, residents of a small Ohio neighborhood learned that an oil pipeline had been leaking under their homes for 50 years. 

"In the 70s, you could go in any of theses houses and it smelled like you poured kerosene or gasoline on everything in the house. When we dug down about five feet, that product [oil] would be there," Larry Brown, a resident, told Ohio's 10TV News. 

In the same year residents noticed a layer of oil floating on nearby Ramp Creek.

From 1975-81 the EPA began a clean up of near 400,000 gallons of petroleum, but that was a drop in the bucket in this heavily contaminated area. The underground oil slick spans 350 acres and flows directly under 40 homes 

In 1989 the city of Heath informed the EPA that oil was seeping into their sewer system. 

In 1990 the EPA took Ashland, the current owner of the refinery, to court. The result was a mandate for Ashland to clean up the area.

This year the Ohio Dept. of Health asked the EPA to conduct a study looking for benzene in the area. Underground concentrations of the carcinogenic petrochemical can cause vapors to be released above ground, and to seep into people's homes through basements, and plumbing.

Benzene is known to cause an array of blood diseases and cancers such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplatic syndromes, acute myelogenous leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The benzene study began this week and tests of 12 sites have not detected any "immediate health threats."

Benzene Leukemia Law Blog would like to point out that because benzene is an additive in petroleum products, and the area sits atop a massive oil slick, it is unlikely that no risk of exposure exists in the area. 

Studies strongly suggest that even minimal exposure to the chemical, over time, is detrimental to health. 

Locals complain of high cancer rates in the area.

"I have two daughters - the oldest one is 49 - she has leukemia, she is in remission. My youngest daughter is 47. She had cancer of the stomach." Ralph McCoy told 10TV News.

McCoy himself has survived cancer, and lost his wife to cancer.

According to 10TV News, Dept. of Health Records show five complaints regarding cancer near the refinery since 2007.

As mentioned earlier, benzene causes some very specific diseases such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplatic syndromes, acute myelogenous leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, to name a few. If you or a loved one suffer from any of the above, you should asses the possibility that you have been exposed to benzene, and contact a benzene attorney. 

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Smoking and second hand smoke exposure are common causes of benzene exposure. Benzene is naturally created as a result of combustion, and is added in it's pure form as one of the hundreds of chemicals used by tobacco companies to enhance the already addictive qualities of their product.

An interesting new study by The National Institute for Occupational Safety (OSH), on casino workers in three Nevada casinos, found high levels of tobacco-specific carcinogenic toxins to be present in workers urine. OSH is a division of the Centers for Disease Control.

The study, requested by concerned casino workers, involved 124 employees of Bally's, Paris, and Caesars Palace casinos in Las Vegas, and reported the following findings:

• “We found ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) components in the air. These components include nicotine, 4-vinyl pyridine, respirable dust, solanesol, benzene, toluene, p-dichloromethane, naphthalene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde.”

• “We found increased urinary levels of one ETS component during the work shift. This finding shows that these components were absorbed in [non-poker] casino dealers’ bodies.”

“Dealers who worked in areas where smoking was permitted made up our study sample,” the study specified. “Casino employees in administrative and engineering jobs who worked in areas where smoking was not permitted made up the comparison group.”

The findings by The National Institute for Occupational Safety call for a ban on smoking in the gambling industry, and calls for casinos to:

• Offer smoking cessation classes for employees.
• Make sure that ventilation systems are working properly.
• Form health and safety committees with employees and managers.
• Urge casino employees to quit smoking, and get involved in casino health and safety issues. 

The director of the national lobby group, Americans for Nonsmokers’ Rights said this about the study:

“If anything, these results should convince Nevada lawmakers to strengthen their state law to include the gaming floors of casinos, not roll it back to expose more workers to toxic secondhand smoke.”

Benzene Leukemia Law Blog wholeheartedly agrees, workers have a right to perform their jobs without being exposed to life threatening chemicals that could decrease their life spans.  

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The Louisiana Environmental Action Network (LEAN) has filed a lawsuit  against ExxonMobil accusing the oil giant of trampling state environmental laws at it's Scenic Highway chemical plant, in Baton Rouge, by releasing 89,700 pounds more airborne pollution than it's permits allow since May 13, 2008.

The suit brings up multiple documented chemical leaks, and failure to maintain pollution control devices, claiming these factors illustrate a clear pattern of noncompliance with state laws, and constitute a threat to public health.

According to the lawsuit, since may 2008, the company has released pollution in excess of permitted levels, 66 times.

The suit alleges that many of the chemicals released by ExxonMobil were not even covered by permits, for example, 3,800 pounds of propylene, ethylene, and flammable vapors.

Most alarming is the defendant's report of an airborne benzene leak of "at least" 525 pounds. The leak allegedly lasted for 22 days.

Benzene is a carcinogenic organic solvent known to disrupt blood cell production in humans at exposure levels less than 1ppm. Exposure to benzene has been linked to alpastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as several types of leukemia including acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).

The LEAN vs. ExxonMobil suit seeks:

• an injunction to stop the release of un-permitted pollution
• civil penalties payed to the state
• a declaration that ExxonMobil is in violation of the Louisiana Environmental Quality Act
• plaintiff attorney and expert witness fees

Marylee Orr, executive director of LEAN said this of the continuing violations:

 “It’s affecting our public health. It’s affecting the way our children learn, it’s affecting everyone in the community, it’s a confirmation that there’s a problem.”


 

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The World Health Organization estimates that up to 1/4 of all disease stems from environmental toxins. If this is truly the case, it means that toxic chemicals released by humans into the environment are sickening millions of people around the globe. At the greatest risk of health degrading chemical exposure are those living in developing countries where environmental laws are often weak or non-existent. In the U.S. while we have better laws around pollution and toxic chemical disposal than many developing nations, it is still important to take action on a personal level to protect yourself and your family from environmental toxins.

Of particular concern is the chemical Benzene. This aromatic hydrocarbon is present in many forms of pollution. Benzene is a commodity chemical that industry still depends on. The chemical has been in continuous use since the early 1800's when it was first manufactured by distilling coal. By the end of that century benzene was highly valued and widely used as an industrial solvent, but people were beginning to suspect benzene was associated with blood disorders. Today many epidemiologic studies have confirmed that even low levels of benzene exposure are associated with aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

In 1928 the first study came out suggesting that benzene increased the risk of leukemia. Since then it has been firmly established that benzene causes acute myelogenous leukemia, and acute lymphocytic leukemia, among others. 

In 1948 the American Petroleum Institute published a toxicological review of benzene stating that benzene caused leukemia, and that there was no safe exposure level.

The more than a hundred years of evidence linking benzene to sickness and death has lead to reductions in it's use, and stricter regulation by OSHA and NIOSH limiting work place exposure. Unfortunately both agencies still allow some airborne benzene to be present in work environments. 

If you have spent years working in almost any industrial environment you are at increased risk of benzene related illness, and should educate yourself as to the benzene exposure possibilities specific to your occupation. Workers sickened by benzene can often gain monetary compensation for their injuries, and should seek the free advice of a qualified benzene attorney without delay.

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Until recently, drilling for natural gas trapped in shale formations was not favored by drilling companies due to higher extraction costs. New technologies and a new push for oil independence have natural gas drilling companies clambering for a share in drilling the Appalachian basin's Marcellus Shale formation.

The largest of the U.S. shale gas reserves, Marcellus extends through New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Though it is estimated to contain up to 500 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and could theoretically cover U.S. natural gas needs for up to ten years, fear of the toxic chemicals used in the drilling process is fueling widespread public outcry.

At issue is the hydraulic fracturing or "fracking" fluid used in the creation of natural gas wells. The process involves injecting huge volumes of water laced with benzene and hundreds of other toxic chemicals, deep into the earth. Although the chemicals are injected well below the water table, as much as 60% of the fluid is later recovered and sometimes stored above ground in open pits. There is growing evidence that hydraulic fracturing poses a great threat to groundwater quality and public health.

Benzene, an organic solvent linked to several rare and debilitating blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myelogenous leukemia, is just one of the hundreds of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluid. The exact compositions of these fluids are largely unknown to the public because Congress has all but completely exempted oil and gas exploration companies from the Federal Emergency Planning and Community Right To Know acts. Environmental experts believe that up to 90% of the chemicals used are toxic to humans.

Oil and Gas Drilling companies are also exempt from the following environmental laws:

• Safe Drinking Water Act
• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (sets standard for hazardous waste handling procedures)

There are countless testimonies from those living near natural gas drilling sites that allege everything form contaminated wells and ground water, to methane seeps causing foul odors, and even exploding wells. If even a fraction of these accounts are partially true, the drilling poses a significant threat to human health, and the environment.  

All this for 10 years worth of natural gas? Pollution on this scale is not easily remedied, future generations will surely scoff at the idea of severely impacting a heavily populated 575 square mile area to obtain a 10 year supply of gas. The "more petroleum at any cost" philosophy may keep our economy going for now, but it will be the key to our eventual undoing.

Until we can shift into an economy based on the sustainable exploitation of our planets resources, we will increasingly poison ourselves and our environment. 

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What is Benzene?

Benzene is a commodity chemical widely used in the industrial sector in the production of many products we use every day, such as:

• fuels
• plastics
• resins
• rubbers
• synthetic fibers
• lubricants
• detergents
• dyes
• pesticides
• drugs

This highly carcinogenic organic solvent has been shown disrupt blood cell production in humans, leading to a number of hematological (blood) diseases such as:

• aplastic anemia
• myelodysplastic syndromes
• non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) 
• acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
• acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Those who work in the industrial sector are at risk of harm from exposure to this chemical, and should be aware of the benzene exposure possibilities posed by their specific job. Thousands of workers have been needlessly sickened and killed due to exposure that could have been avoided by taking the correct precautions.

While some employers are responsible in this area, a clear pattern of neglect regarding the dangers of benzene exposure is exemplified in countless successful lawsuits which have resulted in monetary compensation for the exposed worker, or their families.

If you work in almost any industrial setting, your risk is elevated. Do not count on your employer to protect you, rather, take personal responsibility for your health by using every possible means of protection when working with or around products containing benzene.

A recent Benzene Leukemia Law Blog post, "On The Job Benzene Exposure: Know What To Do," is a useful starting point for workers seeking to educate themselves about benzene exposure.  

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 A recent study by a team of investigators from the National Cancer Institute, the University of California, Berkeley, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, has linked very low levels of benzene exposure with a decrease in white blood cell production.

The study "Hematotoxicity in Workers Exposed to Low Levels of Benzene," compared the blood cell production of 250 benzene exposed Chinese workers, to that of 140 non-exposed workers, and found reduced white blood cell production in the exposed workers.

Alarmingly, the workers were exposed to airborne benzene levels of less than 1 part per million (ppm), which is below OSHA's allowable long term exposure limit of 1 ppm during an 8 hour work day. OSHA allows a short term (15 minute) work place benzene exposure level of 5 ppm.

The study conducted multiple work place air samples, measuring benzene levels, over the course of one year.

It is well established that higher levels of benzene exposure causes lower blood cell counts, and leads  to blood system diseases like aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, and leukemias such as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).

This study enforces the idea that, when it comes to benzene, there is no safe exposure level.

This idea is not new, but has taken a long time to sink in. A National Petroleum Institute toxicological report dating back to 1948 states that there is likely no safe exposure level to benzene, and that benzene causes leukemias.

If you or a loved one have been sickened by exposure to benzene at work, you should contact a reputable benzene attorney, it costs nothing to discuss your case, and you may be able to receive compensation for your injuries.

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The European Commission has stated that it agrees with the European Parliment's vote to approve legislation to cut health harming vapor emissions from gas stations.

"This directive will improve the protection of European citizens' health by contributing to the attainment of agreed EU air quality standards for two harmful pollutants -- ground level ozone and benzene." -European Comission

The new policy will require most european gas stations to implement stage II petroleum vapor recovery systems by 2018 at the latest.

The stage II recovery nozzles involve a vacuum which collects fuel vapors that hover over whatever liquid gas is left in a car's tank. Traditional gas pumps cause that vapor to be displaced into the athsmosphere as the tank is filled.

Petrolium vapors are a major contributer to smog, and exposure to cancer causing chemicals like benzene. These technologies can reduce escaping petroleum vapors by 95% and could lead to the prevention of dangerous benzene-linked diseases such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplatic syndromes, acute myelogenous leukemia, and non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

The technology is being gradually implemented across the U.S.

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In 2003 A Bexar County Texas state district court ordered the city of San Antonio to pay out $23 million in the case of a young girl diagnosed with leukemia as a result of benzene exposure. A later appeals court ruling favored the family but reduced the payment to $7.64 million. Now The Texas Supreme Court has completely overturned the verdict, leaving the girl, and her family with nothing.

Sarah Pollock was diagnosed with leukemia at age three. Her family's property bordered the notorious West Avenue landfill, which was found to be seeping methane and benzene into their home.

Sarah's doctors all agreed that her case of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) was caused by in-utero benzene exposure. Lawyers for the family were able to produce a long paper trail pointing out that the city had been aware of seepage problems with the landfill for years. The Pollocks were never informed by the city of any dangers regarding the landfill, and were not even aware of the problem until they prepared to sell their home.

Justice Nathan Hecht found that the two main witnesses in the case did not have scientific evidence on which to base their conclusions. 

It's hard to understand where justice Hecht is comming from here, reading over the ruling, it's quite clear that Sarah Pollock was exposed to benzene in-utero, and that the benzene came from the landfill. Though ALL is the most common chilhood leukemia, it is extremely rare. Benzene is a known cause of this disease. This ruling is a mockery of justice. As two lesser courts have ruled, the Pollocks deserve compensation for their ordeal.

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Deliberate dumping by Chevron, of billions of gallons of toxic waste, decimated six indigenous groups, and caused at least 1,400 deaths from cancer, a representative of the amazon communities testified before congress this week.  

"The environmental degradation of this area, done intentionally by Texaco [now Chevron] to lower production costs, has today produced a humanitarian crisis of epic proportions,"  -Steven Donziger, lawyer for the affected Amazonian communities, before the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission

A 15 year civil trial in Ecuador charges that Chevron, purposefully discharged billions of gallons of "formation water" into the rainforest, and abandoned 900 toxic waste pits in the jungle. The pits continue to leak toxins into the soil, contaminating the drinking water supply of the local population.  Formation water, a byproduct of oil drilling, contains hydrocarbons, including benzene.

 "Texaco pumped the oil out of the ground, separated the crude and sold it on the commercial market, and then dumped billions of gallons of toxic waste into the Amazon. In this area of Ecuador the water, soil, and air on which thousands of people depend for almost every aspect of their daily sustenance is for the most part poisoned."-Donziger

The cancer death statistics are widely considered low as most in this remote area die without ever seeing a doctor.

Donziger also testified that there were three other human rights violations related to the Chevron case.

• The victimization, death threats, and assaults faced by those named in the lawsuit.
• The "abuse of the judicial process" by Chevron in order to "obstruct and delay" the trial, and negatively impact the abilities of the plaintiffs to resolve claims.
• The "environmental racism" practiced by Chevron in that it purposefully desicrated the environment of indigenous peoples, while simultaniously operating safely in the U.S.

Weather or not Chevron is racist, I doubt they would think twice about doing the same thing in the U.S. or anywhere else. The reason they did this is that they thought they could get away with it.

Chevron has informed U.S. government officials it expects "significant adverse judjement" regarding the dumping, later this year.

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The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has withdrawn it's controversial report  that downplayed the risks of chemicals found in the water supply of Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base in North Carolina. The report is being pulled due to factual omissions and scientific inaccuracy.

The report acknowledged the presence of chemical contamination in Lejeune's water supply. Chlorinated hydrocarbons, as well as the chemicals tetrachloroethyline (PCE), a dry-cleaning solvent, and trichlorehylene (TCE), a degreaser, were present in water used for housing, schools and swimming pools on the base.

The report blatantly downplayed the risks that the known carcinogens posed to the 150,000 people living on and around the base saying that adults faced "no increased cancer risk," and that children were "unlikely" to contract cancers as a result of exposure to the water. At the same time, another section of the report stated that cancer risks were "unknown."

According to the Associated Press, ATSDR is pulling the report because:
 

• it omitted that high levels of the cancer-causing chemical benzene were found in a base well. Also, researchers never tried to verify whether benzene had reached the drinking water;
• contaminating solvents that officials focused on have been characterized by new science as even more likely to cause cancer;
• the study underestimated the extent of the contamination on the base housing areas due to inadequate information from the Marines.

The omission of the benzene discovery and subsequent failure to follow up on that discovery, is a chilling indication of top level disregard for the health of enlisted men and women, and their families, at Camp Lejeune. Benzene has long been classified as a  human carcinogen and has been linked to aplastic anemia, myelodysplatic syndromes, acute myelogenous leukemia, and non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Lawsuits seeking $33 billion in damages have been filed against the U.S. government by veterans who allege they were sickened by the water. Veterans groups have long disputed the findings of the discredited report.

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Known to locals as "the pits" the 295 acres at the end of Ballard lane in Corpus Christi Texas is a toxic nightmare.

State tests show that the area is heavily contaminated with a toxic blend of benzene and chromium. 

Once a sand and gravel pit, the site was used in the 1960's as a dumping ground for oil field drilling mud and refinery waste.  Today it is considered and environmental hazard by the state and several environmental agencies.

County and state officials are concerned that the site poses a threat to the area's drinking water wells. Compounding these worries is the fact that the site sits on the Nueces River flood plain, meaning that flooding could cause the contamination to spread considerably.

The 2020-11 Texas state budget approved by the House and Senate bound, may include up to $72.4 million for the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to use for hazardous material clean up.  Of that money, $9 to $11million could be spent on the Ballard pits.

"The cost will depend on the waste and the proportion of hazardous to non-hazardous. It's kind of a moving target because we don't know what we are going to find." -Andrea Morrow, Texas environmental agency spokeswoman

 

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A four day old baby born to the Al-Mahdari family of Yemen has died from exposure to paint fumes according to an autopsy report. Three other babies mysteriously died at the hospital the same week.

According to the family, the hospital, Saber private hospital in Mansoura, had just painted the reception area, and the corridors leading from the incubators to the maternity ward. The family suggests that the baby died from inhaling paint fumes while passing back and forth through the corridors. 

“They painted the hospital in the presence of patients and new born children. The components used in painting are dangerous and cause asphyxiation. This resulted in three children’s deaths, and my newborn child was the fourth,” Toufiq Al-Mahdhari, the baby's father.

Indeed most paints contain known carcinogens including benzene, and are most dangerous when wet or fresh. A recent Benzene Leukemia Law Blog post regarding a new study linking paint fumes to childhood leukemia can be seen here.

It is well known that children are more susceptible to inhaled toxins because they breathe more air in proportion to their weight than adults.

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In the largest settlement in the 14 year history of the EPA's audit policy, chemical and textile giant Invista will spend $500 million to bring 12 plants into compliance with environmental laws. The EPA's audit policy includes incentives to companies that voluntarily disclose and correct environmental violations.

All of the plants in question were recently purchased by Invista from Dupont.  Soon after purchasing the plants Invista disclosed 680 violations at 12 plants in 7 states. In March 2008 Invista filed an $800 million lawsuit against Dupont citing the companies failure to allow a thorough review of the plants before sale. The suit is pending.

According to the EPA the spending will result in:

• $325 million in estimated annual human health benefits.
• 30 fewer premature deaths.
• 9,000 fewer cases of upper and lower respiratory symptoms.

The above results will be achieved through installation of  pollution control equipment to treat air pollutants and remove benzene from waste water.

The settlement includes a 1.7 million civil penalty.

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Yesterday thirty-eight workers and villagers were poisoned and hospitalized after inhaling benzene gas at a village in east China's Zhejiang Province.

The poisoning took place as workers dismantled tanks that had contained the chemical.

Short term exposure to benzene causes immediate depression of the central nervous system. Symptoms include drowsiness, headache, dizziness, loss coordination, loss of conciousness, and if levels are high enough, immediate death.

Long term exposure to the chemical has been shown to cause a variety of rare blood disorders and cancers including:

• aplastic anemia
• myelodysplastic syndromes
• acute myelogenous leukemia
• non-Hodgkins lymphoma

If you are suffering from one of the above conditions, and have been employed in an industrial setting, you could benefit from discussing your situation with a qualified benzene attorney. You may be able to receive compensation for your injury.

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Scientists at the University of Alaska (UAS) have discovered significant levels of benzene and other organic solvents in snowpacks around Valdez Alaska. The town is located at the end of the trans-Alaska pipeline and is where tankers are loaded with crude oil.

The researchers took snow cores from around Valdez and compared them to samples from Juneau, an area with a similar climate but lacking petroleum transport infrastructure.

"Our research suggests a source of pollutants in Valdez that is not found at Juneau one possibility is the trans-Alaska pipeline."- UAS scientist Jonathan Bower to environmentalresearchweb.

The source of the benzene contamination has not been determined but researchers suggested the Ballast Water Treatment Facility may be to blame. The facility treats ballast water from the holds of tankers, and vents fumes directly into the atmosphere. UAS scientist Jonathan Bower suggested measures should be taken to recover the fumes in order to reduce pollution.

It is fortunate for those living in Valdez that this health risk has been identified. Hopefully locals will push for a solution that involves eliminating the source of the pollution and cleaning up the mess as much as possible.

Unfortunately those living and working in and around the oil and gas industry are at increased risk of benzene exposure. Prolonged exposure to benzene is known to cause serious health problems such as aplastic anemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes. Anyone who's health has been wrongfully damaged by benzene has a right to seek compensation for their injuries and should speak discuss their situation with a qualified benzene attorney. 

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A mysterious odor near S. 9th St. and W. National Ave in Milwaukee has caused some residents to vacate their homes. The smell, which residents describe as similar to gasoline, paint thinner, and furniture stripper, comes and goes in all weather without any notable pattern.

As a result of the complaints of concerned residents, the Milwaukee Health Department conducted air monitoring in the area and discovered "gasoline or diesel related compounds" were present.

Among the compounds was benzene, a known human carcinogen commonly used in the petrochemical industry. Short term exposure to the organic solvent can cause nausia, diziness, and disorientation. Long term exposure to benzene has been linked to blood disorders and cancers, specificly, aplastic anemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The source of the pollution continues to evade officals.

"We're trying to understand the pathways of how vapors make it to the homes, and we're still at the very early phases, but we are detecting it [petrochemicals including benzene] consistently in these properties when we do monitoring with a dosimeter." 

"What makes this more difficult may be that it's old contamination that settled in old utility vault where utility pipe and conduit used to be. There could be empty pockets underground that collect vapors that make their way to homes through old sewer lines or cracks in the foundations. There's a million ways it can get into homes, especially in old areas like S. 9th and National," -Paul A. Biedrzycki, Milwaukee Health Department

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Opponents of the proposed 12 lane Interstate 5 bridge linking Portland OR. and Vancouver WA., recently rallied in downtown Portland, citing health concerns regarding the project.

The massive bridge is the Columbia River Crossing project's response to a fast growing Northwest population.

Activists present at the rally found fault with 2008 Federal Highway and Transit Administration draft environmental impact statement which found that while increasing traffic drastically, the massive project would somehow lead to pollution reduction of 30 to 90 percent.

A recent Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report paints a starkly contrasting picture, and expresses concern over how the above figures were drafted. According to EPA documents, the $4.2 billion project would likely lead to increased toxic chemical emissions in an area of Portland already notorious for pollution.

The north and northeast sections of Portland are associated with higher air pollution levels due to freeway proximity and industrial emissions. Recent studies have demonstrated that those living near or on a freeway face increased risk of  benzene exposure. Exposure to the chemical has been linked to serious conditions like aplastic anemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Benzene is just one of many dangerous chemicals found in vehicle emissions.

Sylvia Evans, an environmental justice advocate from north Portland, expressed concern about the project.
 

"It will render that neighborhood uninhabitable, I don't think my health or my neighbors' is worth sacrificing for someone else's privilege to live, work, and play in two different states."

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The Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA) has announced that New York State will receive over $10 million in federal stimulus money.  The money has been allotted for the cleanup of petroleum spills, and the reduction of diesel emissions.

The state has an estimated 2,443 underground gas storage storage tanks believed to be leaking  petroleum into the ground water.   According to the state Department of Environmental Conservation 2,037 petroleum related spills, (including above ground incidents,) were reported last year in Nassau and Suffolk counties alone.

Most of the money, $9.23 million will be for assessment and cleanup of the leaking tanks.

This will indeed be money well spent. Leaking underground petroleum tanks release dangerous carcinogens such as benzene, methyl tertiary butyl ether, (MTBE), into ground water, which supplies drinking water.  This puts unknowing water consumers at risk of serious health problems.

"Clean Diesel" Would Benefit Many

An additional $1.73 million will go to "clean diesel" projects.  According to the EPA such projects will create jobs, reduce premature deaths from exposure to chemicals, reduce asthma attacks and other pollution related health problems. 

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Researchers at the University of California have found an association between household paint use and childhood leukemia. According to the study children exposed to paint at home had a 65% greater risk of acute lympho-blastic leukemia (ALL). The risk increased with frequency of paint exposure.

The study also suggested that mothers who used paint during preconception or pregnancy were three times more likely than those who used no paint to have a child with ALL. Researchers said this could signify that paint causes problems in early fetal development and suggested that, "avoiding the use of paint in the house during pregnancy and early childhood would be a prudent measure."

Many other cancers have already been linked to paint which contains benzene and a host of other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Exposure to benzene is known to cause several rare blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastice syndromes, and is linked with acute myelogenous leukemia.

Painting raises household VOC levels significantly for several days after application. Though levels typically go down again soon after the paint is dry, off gassing will continue slowly for years.

Those who use paint regularly on the job should take all possible measures to protect thmselves from the vapors.

A growing number of US and European companies are now offering natural paint products with low or zero VOCs, in an ever increasing array of modern colors.

I have used some of them and found them every bit as good as conventional indoor paints.

Here are some suggestions for safer indoor painting:

• Use a low or no VOC variety of paint.
• Plan painting for a warm dry spell and leave windows open for 3 days.
• Never use exterior paint indoors
• Take fresh air breaks.
• Watch for symptoms of chemical exposure such as dizziness, and headaches and move to fresh air.

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In the United States our way of life is made possible by petroleum products such as gasoline and oil. Indeed we would not be where we are today without oil, but what is the cost to the health of our nation? Gasoline and oil products and the industries that surround them pose a significant threat to the health of consumers, workers, and communities.

Those working in or around the petrochemical industry have long suffered health problems that are now being linked to benzene exposure. Widely used in the industry, benzene is an organic solvent known to cause a wide array of serious health problems such as myelodysplastic syndromes and aplastic anemia. Benzene also causes acute myelogenous leukemia.

Gas stations are where most of us experience benzene exposure. The vapors one smells while pumping gas contain all the same chemicals as gas in its liquid form, including benzene.   

It is not unheard of for underground gasoline storage tanks to rupture, contaminating groundwater with their toxic contents. Because many older tanks are made of uncoated steel, they are destined for eventual failure due to rust. Because the tanks are underground there is no way to monitor their integrity. Many successful lawsuits have been filed on behalf of people whose groundwater has been contaminated by leaking gas tanks.

The chemical hazards posed by gas stations are not only subterranean, above ground, gas stations are prone to fuel spills and gasoline in its vapor form. The frequent small spills can mix with rainwater and drain into nearby creeks and waterways. The vapors carry benzene and other toxic chemicals into the bodies of consumers. A recent study estimates that for every 1000 gallons of fuel pumped, one gallon is released into the atmosphere.

If the station also works on cars, than the risks to health are increased. Mechanics routinely use solvents containing benzene, and lead products, and may work on breaks and clutches that contain asbestos, a substance that causes mesothelioma.

The auto refinishing and painting industry uses a host of harmful chemicals, including benzene which is found in most paint.

Vehicle exhaust is something we are all exposed to on a daily basis and few of us loose much sleep over it. That said, it contains benzene and studies have indicated an increased cancer risk among those who live on or near major highways, or are employed in toll booths, or parking garages.

Above all petrochemical plants pose the greatest risk to surrounding communities.  Countless successful lawsuits have been filed on behalf of individuals and communities negatively affected by chemical spills, leaks, and emissions. 

Recently the media has been full of talk about reducing dependence on foreign oil, how about reducing dependence on all oil? We don't have to wait for the affordable electric car to get started. A growing number of Americans are working to eliminate or limit petroleum use in their lives. The following are some ways you can reduce oil dependence and thus improve our health as a nation.  

• Moving closer to work, telecommuting, car pooling, and bicycling are all ways we can reduce our need for oil.  
• Shopping locally and buying locally produced food products whenever possible decreases oil use by reducing the need for shipping.  
• Purchasing organic products whenever possible reduces the use of petrochemical fertilizers and herbicides.
• Installing solar assisted hot water heaters reduces the use of natural gas, and your gas bill.

While it is currently impossible to completely eliminate petrochemical exposure in our population, we must hold oil companies accountable for their actions to ensure that the highest possible safety standards, and lowest possible occurrence of environmental accidents, are met.

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A Texas woman has just filed a benzene lawsuit against DuPont De Nemours on behalf of her late husband.

Levings alleges that her husband died as a result of benzene exposure while working for the company.  Her Husband worked at DuPont's Sabine River Works facility in Orange County Texas, and died of non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) in 2008.  

Benzene is a highly carcinogenic organic solvent widely used in the industrial sector.  The chemical is linked to multiple debilitating and deadly diseases in addition to NHL. 

Linda Levings stands a great chance of receiving compensation for her loss.  In recent years many have successfully obtained benzene settlements as a pattern of corporate disregard for workers health and the environment continues to emerge.

Benzene settlements can be quite considerable, below are just a few  2008 verdicts:

• $11.2 million was awarded to New York City after Exxon Mobil intentionally contaminated the City's waterways with benzene.
• $6.6 million was awarded to the family of a 68-year old man who died from benzene exposure after working at Mobil.
• $4.3 million was awarded to the families of four petrochemical workers who were all diagnosed with leukemia following workplace benzene exposure.

The size of a benzene settlement depends on  the degree of negligence on behalf of the defendant, and the severity of the benzene exposure and resulting medical conditions.

Employers have an obligation to provide a safe working environment.  Workers should be provided with proper education about toxic materials they may be exposed to, and maximum protection from those materials.  If you have been sickened by on the job exposure to benzene you may be eligible for monetary compensation.  Contact a medical lawyer without delay,  it costs nothing to discuss your circumstances with most qualified benzene attorneys.

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It's not clear exactly how long benzene contaminated groundwater has been seeping into Lake Michigan from U.S Steel's Gary Works.  The benzene is said to leaking from old tanks at coke plant that was demolished years ago.  The highly polluted area had been surrounded by a break wall to contain groundwater contamination.  It is thought that a 2001 crack in that wall allowed the movement of contaminated groundwater into the lake.  The problem was discovered by U.S. Steel last Summer.

"we don't know exactly when the plume reached the lake."- EPA project manager       Tamara Ohl.

Benzene levels in the groundwater were up to 600 times the federal drinking water limit.

The point where the benzene enters the lake is a mile from the nearest drinking water intake.  The intake is owned by Indiana American Waters.  The company is required by federal law to test for benzene and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs).  So Far no benzene has been detected in the finished drinking water.

Exactly how much benzene was leaked into Lake Michigan is not yet known.

What Is Benzene?

Benzene is a clear sweet smelling organic solvent widely used by industry.  Ingesting benzene can cause vomiting, stomach irritation, disorientation, and death.  Exposure to benzene has been shown to cause a number of debilitating blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

The Cleanup Plan

U.S Steel plans to install a $1.4 million treatment system which includes 11 wells that will remove benzene from ground water before pumping it back into the ground.  They do not plan to repair the break wall.

It is not yet known weather U.S Steel will face fines or penalties for the contamination.

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The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is launching a new air toxics monitoring initiative that will Analise the air outside 62 schools in 22 states.   The schools are all in areas which according to government data, are determined to be toxic hot spots. 

The $2.25 million program will involve the EPA as well as state and local air pollution control agencies.  Here are the simplified goals of the plan according to the EPA's website:

• collect samples of outdoor air near selected schools over 60 days,
• analyze those samples for air toxics of potential concern,
• report on levels of air toxics found and their potential for long-term health impacts,
• evaluate actions that may be needed to reduce levels of pollutants of concern, and
• take action as needed to ensure that nearby industries are in compliance with clean air regulations.

The EPA acknowledges that this program comes in the wake of a recent USA Today study which used government data to show that air outside 435 schools was more toxic than than air outside Meredeth Hitchens Elementary.  Hitchens Elementary was an Ohio school closed in 2005 after the Ohio EPA discovered air born carcinogen concentrations 50 times higher than acceptable state levels.

Speaking to USA Today EPA administrate Linda Jackson said:

"Your stories raised important questions that merit investigation and that's what we're doing, we want parent to know that the places there children live, play, and learn, are safe."

The EPA project will focus on "air toxics",  hazardous air pollutants suspected to cause cancer and serious health effects.  Under the Clean Air Act the EPA regulates emissions of 187 air toxics.   The monitoring will measure two forms of pollution: gases, such as benzene, and pollutants in particle form such as hexavalent chromium, manganese, or lead.

It's great to see the EPA acting on this.  It is well known that children are even more susceptible to toxic chemicals than adults because they breathe more air in proportion to their weight than adults. Clean air should be a given for children in their learning environment.  

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Today marks a deadline for California gas station owners to have complied with new pump vapor emissions standards.  The new standards set by the State Air Resources Board require installation of new nozzles, and in some cases computer systems designed to prevent spills.

The standards are designed to prevent gasoline vapors from escaping into the atmosphere.

Gasoline vapors consist largely of hydrocarbons which react with other pollutants to form ozone, a major ingredient in smog.  According to the Air Resources Board the new equipment will "eliminate the daily release of up to 10 tons of smog forming compounds from spills and fugitive emissions."

Gasoline vapors also contain benzene, a volatile organic compound (VOC) and dangerous carcinogen.  Exposure to Benzene is known cause rare blood disorders such as myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, non-hodgkins lymphoma, and acute myelogenous leukemia.  

 "[The new nozzles] will reduce consumer exposures to benzene, a known carcinogen".-Air resources Board

If you live in California you may have noticed that vapor reducing nozzles have been  widely used for some time, but the new nozzles represent a significant improvement in vapor reduction.  The new systems include vacuum pumps which actually suck gas vapors back into the tank.

The price of retrofit starts at $20,000 and goes up depending on pump numbers.  Station owners are expected to shoulder the cost.

According to the Associated Press lawmakers are considering emergency legislation to “ease the financial pain of a retrofit.”  

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Many soldiers who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan are suffering from severe health problems that are being linked to the military’s practice of burning waste materials in open pits.  A freshly leaked military document strongly suggests that the Pentagon knowingly exposed US troops at Balad Airbase, in Iraq, to cancer causing toxic chemicals, while publicly declaring the risks to be minimal.

The leaked document is signed by the chief of the Air Force’s aeromedical services.  The report outlines the risks posed to troops from the burn pits of Balad, and lists the numerous carcinogens, including benzene,  arsenic, and dioxins, which are released by the pits.  Aeromedical chief Lt. Colonel James Elliott wrote:

“In my professional opinion, the known carcinogens and respiratory sensitizers released into the atmosphere by the burn pit present both an acute and a chronic health hazard to our troops and the local population,”

The document also quotes a US Army Center For Health Promotion and Preventative Medicine investigator who states that Balad’s burn pit was “the worst environmental site I have ever personally visited, [including] 10 years working clean-up for the army.”

In stark contrast to the above declarations of toxic health dangers, is a “Just the Facts” sheet regarding burn pits in general, issued to troops, by the Pentagon.  Though the sheet acknowledges that 2004-2006 lab tests found “occasional carcinogens,” it also stresses that, “the potential short and long term risks [were] estimated to be low due to the infrequent detections of these chemicals.”

The pentagon report continues:

“Based on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidance, long term health effects are not expected to occur from breathing the smoke.”

Soldiers Face Chronic Illness

In a 2008 Army Times investigation, reporter Kelly Kennedy wrote:

“Though military officials say there are no known long-term effects from exposure to burn pits in Iraq and Afghanistan, more than 100 service members have come forward to Military Times and Disabled American Veterans with strikingly similar symptoms: chronic bronchitis, asthma, sleep apnea, chronic coughs and allergy-like symptoms. Several also have cited heart problems, lymphoma and leukemia.”

This evidence of systemic top-level disregard for the health of America’s brave enlisted men and women is alarming.  The medical conditions associated with benzene alone are debilitating and even deadly.  Although the Balad pits have recently been replaced with cleaner burning incinerators, there are hundreds of similar pits across Iraq and Afghanistan.

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Oil and natural gas drilling companies have long maintained that the hydraulic fracturing process used in creating natural gas wells poses no threat of groundwater contamination. The federal Government has overwhelmingly agreed with this assessment, allowing the industry waivers under many federal environmental laws.

The process, commonly known as “fracking,” involves injecting huge volumes of water laced with benzene and hundreds of other toxic chemicals, deep into the earth. Although the chemicals are injected well below the water table, as much as 60% of the fluid is later recovered and often stored above ground in open pits. There is growing evidence that hydraulic fracturing poses a great threat to groundwater quality and public health.

In recent years many groundwater contamination incidents have occurred raising serious questions regarding a 2004 EPA study which stated that hydraulic fracturing poses no threat to drinking water. Although The report took major fire from independent researchers, and government whistleblowers, it still caused congress to exempt hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water act.

Recently the Federal Bureau of Land Management (BLM) documented benzene contamination in Sublette County, Wyoming ground water. Since 2000 the area has seen well over 3000 new oil and gas wells.

In San Juan County, New Mexico the New Mexico Oil Conservation Division (NMOCD) has cited over four hundred cases of ground water contamination. The area has seen almost 5000 new wells since 2000. The contamination is said to stem from oil and gas waste pits. These pits are lawful only because oil and gas companies are exempted from the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, which sets standard for hazardous waste handling procedures.

Benzene, an organic solvent linked to several rare and debilitating blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myelogenous leukemia, is just one of the hundreds of chemicals used in the hydraulic fracturing fluid. The exact compositions of these fluids are largely unknown to the public because Congress has all but completely exempted oil and gas exploration companies from the Federal Emergency Planning and Community Right To Know acts. Environmental experts believe that up to 90% of the chemicals used are toxic to humans.

The federal government should impose all of its environmental laws on all industries. It’s difficult not to speculate that if oil and gas companies were not blatantly trampling these laws, they would not require so many legal loopholes and exemptions.

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I just came across this article about a heroic young New Zealand chemist named Terry Collins who was an early pioneer in establishing the dangers that benzene exposure poses to workers.  In 1971 Collins took a summer job to fund his chemistry education.  The work, loading refrigerators onto trucks, brought him into contact with a crew of workers who were using an industrial solvent to clean up excess tar used in the assembly of 1970's refrigerators.   Anyone interested in industrial benzene use and its effects on workers should check out this fascinating article.

"Collins notices that this crew's complaints go beyond the typical rumblings and that they are also eerily similar—nosebleeds, dizziness, fatigue, persistent headaches. The 19-year-old aspiring chemist is concerned. Among all his hours spent in the university teaching labs, he had been reading about the toxicity of benzene. It has dawned on him that the workers may be displaying the classic symptoms of overexposure to benzene, which can be found in industrial cleaning solvents.

He decides to dig deeper. He visits the cabinet cleaning room where the workers use the solvents, estimates the room's dimensions, notes its lack of ventilation, determines how many drums of solvent the workers go through daily. He then calls the producer, posing as a buyer, and learns how much benzene and related aromatics are in the solvent—5% aromatics of which about 1% is benzene. With all of this information, he calculates how much benzene the workers inhale at work.

Even his most conservative estimate points to what he suspected. The workers' exposure is enormous, just through inhalation (not to mention what must be passing through their hands). These workers, simply by doing their job, are being poisoned—literally, not figuratively."

  read more...

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 A new benzene exposure test Is generating a buzz in the shipping industry.  The test kits, from a Concateno subsidiary called Medscreen, are a simple and inexpensive way to test mariners for benzene exposure.  The kits have been shortlisted for the 2009 Seatrade Awards in the 'Safety at Sea' category.

Benzene is an organic solvent widely used in industrial and manufacturing processes all over the world.  Exposure to benzene has been linked with serious blood disorders such as aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. Benzene has also been linked to non-hodgkins lymphoma. Exposure to high concentrations can quickly cause death.

Of course maritime workers are at risk because benzene is transported via boat to all corners of the globe.  The primary risk to these workers is leakage during transport, heavy seas and collisions are not uncommon in this line of work.

"Since we have added a low-cost, sensitive benzene test to our range of drug and alcohol services, the kits have been quickly taken up by shipping companies around the world.  Many boats keep a stock of the test on board in case- as happened in Dubai recently- an accident or collision occurs that might involve exposure to benzene."-  Graham Birch, head of sales for Medscreen maritime sector 

The tests require a small amount of urine in the vials provided.  All the packaging needed to send the samples to the lab is included in the kit.   Analysis takes several hours and results can be emailed or faxed less that two days later.

This test kit is a great idea.  I hope to see something similar being added to safety kits across the industrial sector. Many workers have suffered and died as a result of on the job benzene exposure. If you believe that your health has been compromised due to benzene exposure, you should speak with a medical attorney who specializes in benzene cases.  Victims of benzene exposure have been successful in securing monetary damages to cover their medical costs and suffering.  

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Whether you’re looking for federal regulations regarding benzene in the workplace or information on the health effects of benzene exposure, there are a number of valuable resources on the Web to help you in your search. Listed below are just a few:

The Environmental Protection Agency – A general report on benzene, potential sources of exposure and its health hazards can be found here and a fact sheet on how it affects groundwater/drinking water can be found here.
 

Occupational Health and Safety Administration – Provides information on OSHA regulations for benzene in the workplace, including how to recognize and evaluate benzene hazards
 

National Marrow Donor Program – An informational page on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can be accessed here.
 

Leukemia & Lymphoma Society – Great resource for cancers of the blood, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute myelogenous leukemia, which are both sometimes caused by benzene exposure.

 

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Here's another story about benzene groundwater contamination near an unlined landfill.  The contamination was discovered using "test wells" which waste management companies use to monitor groundwater contamination levels, and the drift of that contamination.

A plume of contaminates including benzene, was discovered on the north side of an Orange County North Carolina landfill.  Test wells showed the contamination to be drifting east.

According to Gayle Wilson, Orange County Solid Waste Director, The chemicals are coming from a closed portion of the landfill on the north side of Eubanks Rd.  The unlined landfill opened in 1972 and was covered in 1996.

The benzene contamination exceeded state levels for groundwater quality, but not the maximum federal level acceptable for drinking water.  Levels for vinyl chloride exceeded all acceptable levels.

Benzene is a well known carcinogen responsible for a host of debilitating diseases including dangerous blood disorders, and leukemia.

The company has been working with the state to formulate a cleanup plan.  The plan involves installation of two "injection wells." The wells will "force a mix of water and sodium permanganate into contact with the plume to neutralizer the chemicals."-Carrboro Citizen, 3/19

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Garfield County Colorado commissioners will ask the state to reinstate a natural gas drilling moratorium in the east Mann creek area near Silt.  

Locals fear a dangerous repeat of a 2004 incident in which hydrocarbons and benzene seeped into a nearby creek.  In the wake of that incident,  EnCana Oil and gas was fined $371,200 and the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, COGCC,  imposed a drilling moratorium.  The moratorium was later lifted but new drilling requirements were added.

In January one of EnCana's wells saw a spike in gas pressure causing benzene contaminated water to flow from the well.  According to EnCana the leak occurred well below the drinking water aquifer, but residents are worried about contamination.  

Benzene is a cancer causing organic solvent used in many industrial applications.

“We ask that the moratorium be reinstated only until such time as a thorough and complete investigation can take place into the failure of stipulations to protect our health and safety as well as the environment,” -Lisa Bracken, area resident.

For those unfamiliar with natural gas drilling and the danger of chemical contamination of aquifers it may pose, allow me to provide a little background information.  Most natural gas wells are created through a process called hydraulic fracturing.  Pioneered by Haliburton, the process shoots large quantities of water, sand, and chemicals, including benzene, several miles underground in order to break up rock and release the natural gas.  This process was deemed safe by a 2004 EPA study which stated that hydraulic fracturing posed no threat to drinking water.  This study caused congress to exempt hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water act.  

So the process was at least officially considered safe, until more recent years when several contamination incidents occurred sparking an important debate as to weather chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing threaten drinking water.

Looking back across the industrial century, we cringe at the chemicals and emissions that were released into the air without restriction.  The health damaging air pollution problem was not foreseen by industry, nor would things have improved were they not challenged.   Looking back at those mistakes it seems absurd to this blogger to think we can now pump chemicals into the ground with no negative effects.

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Chicago environmental activists took a stand Sunday hoping to delay a law that would allow in construction the use of soil known to be contaminated with benzene, arsenic, and lead, to name a few.   

"For many, many years the city has not taken soil contamination seriously, and it's our responsibility as communities of color that are severely impacted to call upon them and say it's too quick to make a decision," -Kim Wasserman of the Little Village Environmental Justice Organization.

Historically dirt removed from Chicago construction sites has been transported to landfills and then replaced with earth taken from nearby farmland.

Under the new proposal on site soil could be reused as long as the contaminate levels fell below city and state thresholds.

Activists say they need more time to examine the proposal.  The city council could vote on this as soon as Wednesday.

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The Environmental Protection Agency recently proposed setting emissions limits on benzene and other toxins released from gas-fired and diesel stationary engines. These engines are used to generate electricity and power industrial equipment, and over 1 million of them operated in the U.S. last year.

Emissions from diesel and gas-fired stationary engines are significant and limiting the emissions could reduce toxic air pollutants by 13,000 tons per year, according to EPA estimates.

There is a serious health risk to those working or living in areas where toxic emissions are released. For instance, exposure to benzene is linked to several rare blood disorders including acute myelogenous leukemia. To weigh in on the EPA proposal, visit the agency’s website where you can submit comments for a limited period of time.

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A group of  Champaign Illinois residents expressed outrage with a state approved cleanup plan for a former manufactured gas plant in their neighborhood.  They say AmerenIP should be required to remove contaminated groundwater from the area.

Located at fifth and hill street, the 2.4 acre site is contaminated with benzene and a wide array of other compounds.  The pollution was generated by the former plant which was operational from the late 1800's to the early 30's.  Toxic coal tar was a by-product of the plant.  The Cleanup plan states that the site continues to release "vapors with contaminants in excess of proposed state indoor standards."

A test well south of the site found benzene concentrations higher than 1000 parts per billion, (PPB), and another to the west showed levels of 640 PPB.  The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standards allow benzene levels of 5 PPB.  These high levels mean that the groundwater could produce hazardous vapors affecting those who live or work on the site over a lifetime, according to Claudia Lennhoff who heads the Fifth and Hill Neighborhood Rights Campaign.

 "What Ameren is not telling the public is that their cleanup plan does not involve cleaning up the contaminated groundwater... and the Illinois EPA has said 'OK' to this." -Lennhoff

Ameren claims that removal of the top ten feet of soil from two thirds of the site,  and a chemical treatment of the deeper soil and groundwater, should remove the cause of contamination and thus improve groundwater over time.

Benzene is dangerous organic solvent known to cause several blood diseases such as aplastic anemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes.  It is also linked to several forms of leukemia.   Those living near the Fifth and Hill St. site and anyone else living near known benzene contamination should educate themselves and their families as to the signs and symptoms of benzene related illness.  Anyone who feels their health has been compromised should speak with a Benzene attorney. 

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Air monitoring by the county health department at the Sto-Rox Elementary School in Mckees Rocks, PA. has found measurable concentrations of benzene and toluene inside the school.

The monitoring was requested by the school in the wake of a USA today article which listed the air outside the school as some of the worst in the nation.  According to that article, Sto-Rox Elementary is "the 28th worst school for toxic air pollution in the nation out of 128,000 schools."

The monitoring revealed that the air inside the school contained benzene levels several times higher than outdoor samples taken at the same time.

The Allegheny County Health Department told parents not to worry, the levels of toxins found were "fairly" low, and the study was only during a four day period.

As a parent myself, I would consider the above statement a slap in the face.  The World Health Organization officially states that any exposure to benzene should be avoided whenever possible. Benzene is a highly carcinogenic organic solvent linked with several rare and debilitating blood disorders aplastic anemia and leukemia.  

Local school district officials have declined interviews with the media and refer only to a statement on their website:

"Fresh air and air circulation may help dissipate the concentrations of these chemicals.  In the short run, the district is stepping up ventilation in the elementary school immediately." 

So far no mention has been made to the public as to the source of the contamination.  

I checked out a local website and saw many posts from concerned parents saying their kids often complained  of headaches and other sickness during and after school.

The health department has not yet set a date to begin a long term health assessment .

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 A Kentucky myelodysplastic syndrome patient has filed a benzene suit against 18 corporations on the grounds that his condition was wrongfully caused.

Earl Brumleves worked as a service man, oil burner, pipe fitter, maintenance man and equipment repairman.  During these jobs Brumleves alleges he inhaled, ingested, or otherwise absorbed benzene.  The chemical is linked to rare blood disorders, including myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myelogenous leukemia, and is known to cause cancer.91

Brumleve's debilitating condition cost him dearly.  Huge medical bills now loom over his family in addition to the pain and anguish he suffers as a result of the disease.  "myelodysplastic syndrome hindered and prevented Earl from pursuing his normal course of employment," according to the suit.

The five count lawsuit seeks compensatory damages in excess of $200,000, plus costs and other relief the court finds appropriate.

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The Marcellus Shale formation in Pennsylvania is one of America’s greatest natural gas resources. As one company scrambles to exploit this resource in Mount Pleasant Township, some residents are growing concerned about the potential for adverse health effects.

Range Resources Corp has drilled dozens of wells in the township to access water for a process known as “hydrofracking.” The process forces a chemical solution that includes benzene, methanol and over 200 others deep into the shale, and this facilitates the release of natural gas.

One research organization tested 54 chemicals in the fluid and found that:

• Nearly one-third are carcinogenic (that is, they are known to cause cancer)
• Nearly three-quarters cause respiratory problems
• Over half pose a risk to the blood and circulatory system

Indeed, benzene is known to cause a number of rare blood disorders and cancer, including aplastic anemia and acute myelogenous leukemia. And although a spokesman for Range Resources said the chemical solution is diluted and used at levels too deep for human exposure, citizens are still rightfully concerned.

The municipal supervisor for the township said he fears that the fluid will escape either above or below ground, and possibly contaminate groundwater. Another resident said she has stopped drinking from her wells and is having it tested because she’s concerned about its safety.

“I do feel the compulsion to make sure this [drilling] does not do horrible things to us,” she said.

Residents in this or other area of Pennsylvania where drilling is being undertaken may want to talk to their local representatives to learn more about measures being taken to prevent toxic contamination.


 
 
 

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BP Products North America agreed yesterday to pay more than three quarters of a million dollars for violations of  the Emergency Planning and Right-to-Know Act, EPCRA, at it's Texas City refinery, the largest in the nation.

According to the Environmental Protection Agency, BP will pay the US government a $420,662 civil penalty, and spend $365,000 on supplemental environmental projects in Texas City.

At issue is the company's noncompliance with EPCRA toxic chemical reporting requirements.   

• BP Failed to complete and submit toxic chemical release information to the EPA and state of Texas from 2002-2005.
• BP Failed to maintain any reporting records in 2004.

The list of toxic chemicals subject to reporting  requirements is long and includes:

• benzene
• dioxin and dioxin like compounds
• formaldehyde
• lead compounds
• methanol 

These new fines come in the wake the February 19 announcement of a  $161 million settlement  for the company's noncompliance with a 2001 Clean Air Act regulation placing strict controls on benzene and benzene containing wastes generated during petroleum refining.

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Prolonged or excessive benzene exposure can lead to significant health problems such as aplastic anemia, leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. For this reason, it’s important that you know the limits for benzene exposure set by the relevant state and federal regulatory agencies if you work in a high risk occupation.

OSHA –The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has a long-term exposure (8-hour shift) limit of 1 part per million (ppm) and a short-term (15 minutes) exposure limit of 5 ppm.

NIOSH –The CDC’s National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has a long-term (10-hour) exposure limit of 0.1 ppm and a short-term exposure limit of 1 ppm.

ACGIH –The American Conference of Industrial Hygienists has a long-term (8-hour shift) exposure limit of 0.5 ppm and a short-term exposure limit of 2.5 ppm.

These limits are set for airborne exposure; however, benzene exposure may also occur through ingestion and skin contact. Symptoms of benzene exposure include dizziness, drowsiness, tremors, loss of consciousness, vomiting and rapid heartbeat, to name a few.

Any time these or other unusual symptoms are seen after exposure to benzene, it’s vital that medical attention be sought immediately.



 

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Blood transfusions can be a life saving therapy for those suffering from Aplastic Anemia and  Myleodysplastic Syndromes (MDS).  Many patients require ongoing blood transfusions, but are unaware of the associated risks. Transfused blood contains extra iron which the body cannot process on its own.  If you or a loved one have had multiple transfusions, you need to know about a serious and preventable condition called chronic iron overload.

If you have had 10 or more blood transfusions you may be at risk, even if years have passed between them.  Symptoms can include changes in skin color,  bone or joint pain, tiredness, and lack of sex drive.  Unchecked iron overload can lead to many serious health problems such as:

• Heart Damage
• Liver Damage
• Infertility
• Increased dibetes risk

If you have had multiple transfusions, it is vital that you talk with your doctor about iron overload, and undergo regular screening to monitor your serum ferririn levels.  Several treatment options are available for this common and deadly disease.

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A local Manhattan official is opposed to gas drilling in the region for fear that the process will result in contamination of the area’s drinking water. Toxic chemicals are used in the drilling process, and Borough President Scott Stringer believes those chemicals will pollute the water and cause severe health problems among area residents.

Gas drilling is increasingly common as the U.S. attempts to become more self-sufficient with regard to energy production. However, according to a report released by Stringer, there have been at least two dozen reports of serious health issues linked to gas drilling in nine different states.

“In Wyoming, the water there where the drilling took place – 1,500 times the safe level for benzene. A house in Ohio exploded because the methane found in the tap water ignited,” he said.

Benzene is particularly toxic to humans and has been shown to cause rare cancers like leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

If you are concerned about gas drilling where you live, you may want to consider contacting your local officials to find out what kind of measures are being taken to protect area residents.

 

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Benzene has been found in water wells and soil at the site of an old gas plant in Champaign, Illinois – in some instances, the levels of benzene have been as high as 200 times the amount accepted by health officials as safe.

Energy company, Ameren, now owns the toxic site and residents are asking the company to investigate the problem. The company has outlined its plans to clean up some of the contamination, but generally the plan is to clean the top 10 feet of soil.

Many of the contaminated wells, according to Ameren, are deeper than 40 feet. The company said groundwater at this level will not have an impact on the local residents. However, the head of the Champaign County Health Consumers has called for the company to learn more about the risk to those in the area.

Benzene is a carcinogen that has been linked to rare cancers such as acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Concerned residents are welcome to attend an open house being held by the company on March 11th.





 

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Benzene is a cancer causing organic solvent widely used in the industrial sector. If you work in one of the following industries you need to know what to do in the event of exposure.

• Petrochemical manufacturing
• Petroleum refining
• Coke and coal chemical manufacturing
• Rubber and tire manufacturing
• Gasoline storage, shipment, and retail operations
• plastics and rubber manufacturing
• Shoe manufacturing

In the unfortunate event of on the job benzene exposure, there are actions you can take to limit health risks as much as possible. The following steps are recommended by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Breathing Benzene

• Move away from exposed area immediately

Benzene on Clothing 

• Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Do not pull clothing over your head, but cut it off instead.
• If helping others remove clothes, wear gloves, and avoid any skin contact with contaminated articles.
• Place contaminated clothing in plastic bag.  
• Place anything used to handle clothing in plastic bag. 

Benzene on skin 

• Wash with large amounts of soap and water

Benzene in Eyes

• Rinse eyes with plain water for 10-15 minutes 
• Remove contact lenses and place with contaminated clothing, don't re-use
• Eyeglasses can be washed with soap and water and re-worn.

Benzene Ingestion

• Seek immediate medical attention
• Do no induce vomiting

Benzene related accidents can be kept to a minimum by responsible storage and handling methods. If your health has been compromised by on the job benzene exposure, you should speak to a benzene attorney without delay.

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Legislators in New York are seeking the removal of tolls at the Grand Island bridges after a study showed that benzene levels in the area are 100 times higher than what the state considers safe. Benzene is a carcinogen and it’s released by cars idling at the tolls.

The benzene emissions are a major health risk to residents in the Tonawanda area. A local legislator said she is encouraging the governor to use stimulus funds to remove the barriers.

If you have concerns about benzene exposure, either through vehicle emissions or groundwater contamination from industrial waste, it might be in your best interest to contact your local Congress person to find out what – if anything – is being done about the problem.

 

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Don't assume the FDA is keeping you safe from benzene contamination in consumer food products.  Although the FDA regulates benzene levels in bottled water, regulation of soft drink beverages is sporadic at best.  Benzene is a known carcinogen and poses a number of serious health risks.

A recent study conducted by the FDA and EPA looked at only 200 of the thousands of soft drinks available to American consumers.  That study found benzene levels higher than the US. EPA drinking water limit in close to one in ten of the beverages surveyed.

How It Got There

Most often benzene contamination in soft drinks is caused by a reaction between common benzoate preservatives, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C).  Storage is a major variable here as heat and light are known to speed up this reaction.

How You Can Protect Yourself From Benzene In Soft Drinks

In light of this study it seems that complete removal of soft drinks from your diet is the most prudent course of action.  Of course this option is not for everyone, so here are a few ways to play it safer.

• Avoid soft drinks with added vitamin C
• Limit soft drink consumption
• Store soft drinks in a cool dark place. 

Benzene exposure is linked to cancer (acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in particular), immune system suppression, reproductive damage and more.

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Shell Oil Products is planning to check for benzene contamination in the soil and groundwater near Roxana, Illinois this spring. The check seems to come a little late, considering it stems from a benzene leak that occurred more than two decades ago.

In 1986, an underground pipeline owned and operated by Shell Oil leaked 8,400 gallons of benzene into the area surrounding Wood River Refinery. There is little documentation regarding cleanup efforts, and what cleanup was done seems to have been limited to surface liquid recovery.

However, more recent groundwater sampling from monitoring wells in the vicinity of the plant has shown increased levels of benzene. Officials say there is little possibility that the benzene has contaminated water supply wells for area residents, but this seems unlikely given the extent of the contamination. Plus, exposure to benzene may also occur as a result of vapor migration.

Benzene exposure poses a number of serious health risks, and residents who have developed health problems such as anemia or cancer should consider discussing their legal options with an attorney.


 

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In a settlement with the Environmental Protection Agency, BP Products North America has agreed to implement measures that will reduce benzene emissions at its Texas City refinery. The settlement will benefit those living in and around the area, who have suffered potentially harmful benzene exposure.

Exposure to benzene causes a variety of health problems including cancer (acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in particular), immune system suppression, and reproductive damage, among other things.

According to a press release by the EPA, BP will spend more than $161 million to control pollution generated during its petroleum refining processes. The money will go toward equipment upgrades, as well as improved monitoring and maintenance.

The EPA estimates that these actions will reduce emissions of benzene and other toxic chemicals by as much as 6,000 pounds a year.

 

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Natural gas drilling in the Barnett Shale area of Texas produces some 260 tons of air pollution emissions each day. The area is highly populated, and those living in the vicinity are likely being exposed to dangerous pollutants such as methane and carbon dioxide, as well as known carcinogens like benzene and formaldehyde.

However, this need not be the case. According to a new study, the air pollution in the Barnett Shale can be controlled existing technology.

“We have come up with viable solutions. The good news is that there are a lot of viable technologies to reduce the emissions, “ said Ramon Alvarez of the Environmental Defense Fund, who conducted the study together with Al Armendariz of Southern Methodist University.

Hopefully, measures will soon be taken to implement these viable solutions to prevent further toxic exposure to those living in the Barnett Shale region of Texas.

 

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Work exposure to organic solvents like benzene and carbon tetrachloride increase the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in women, a new study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology suggests.

NHL is a term used to describe several malignancies of the immune system and diagnoses of NHL have continued to increase over the past several decades. The National Cancer Institute reports that more than 66,000 Americans were diagnosed with NHL in 2008 and over 19,000 died from the disease.

The question is whether on-the-job exposure is behind the increase in cases of NHL, so researchers examined the relationship between the two and found that exposure to:
 

• Organic solvents containing chlorine increased the risk of NHL by 40%
• Organic solvents containing carbon tetrachloride more than doubled the risk of NHL
• Formaldehyde increased the risk of NHL by 30%

The study findings also suggested that exposure to benzene, a known carcinogen, also raised the risk of non-Hodgkins lymphoma in women.




 

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Under a settlement agreement with the U.S. Justice Department, two oil companies have agreed to cut benzene emissions. Benzene has been identified as a cancer-causing agent and is linked in particular to two rare cancers: acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

One of the companies, Wyoming Refining Co., agreed to spend $14 million to upgrade pollution controls at its refinery in Newcastle. This includes installing equipment to remove pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide.

The other company, Frontier Refining, which operates refineries in El Dorado, Kansas, and Cheyenne, Wyoming, will spend $127 million upgrading its refineries to bring them into compliance with the Clean Air Act.

Both companies must also pay civil penalties, which together will total close to $1.5 million.


 

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For more than 25 years, Woburn, Massachusetts has been the site of an intensive cleanup effort to remove pollutants such as benzene (a volatile organic compound known to cause leukemia), arsenic and ammonia. The area has long been deemed one of the most toxic in the nation.

100+ Years of Pollution

The pollution began over a century ago during the Civil War when the area became home to numerous manufacturing facilities – facilities that manufactured chemicals and glue. As the cleanup nears completion, the EPA is looking at redeveloping the 245-acre area.

At Least One Death

The agency has already approved a retail complex and Anderson Regional Transportation Center, which is named after Jimmy Anderson, a young boy who died of cancer in 1981. His mother filed a civil lawsuit over the toxic pollution.

Others who have been injured by the contamination in Woburn may also be able to file a civil lawsuit against responsible party(s).

 

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Gude Landfill in Montgomery County, Maryland, is seeping – and has been seeping for years – hazardous chemicals such as benzene, mercury and lead into area groundwater. In some cases, the contaminant levels are as much as ten times higher than what the Environmental Protection Agency allows.

Now, state environmental officials and a group of concerned citizens are seeking data from the county regarding the toxic contamination. The county has kept records on the contamination since shortly after the landfill stopped operating in 1982, but has failed to report the results to the Maryland Department of the Environment.

Residents at Risk?

A representative from the county’s Department of Environmental Protection said there is no evidence linking the pollution to health effects in the community, though some residents have suffered years of toxic exposure.

Benzene is a known cancer-causing chemical and has been linked to rare cancers such as acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The spokesperson for the local DEP said the residents’ drinking water has not been contaminated, but added that kids and pets should not play in nearby Rock Creek.


 

 

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Do you live near a freeway? A pilot study conducted by the Utah Department of Health in 2006 concluded that children living near freeways have a higher risk of developing leukemia as a result of the benzene emitted into the air from vehicle exhausts.

The study is not conclusive but does fit in with other evidence suggesting that the risk of cancer is higher for children who live near heavily trafficked areas. Rather than waiting around for more conclusive studies, clean air advocates like Dr. Brian Moench are saying action is needed.

"The medical data would strongly suggest that if we can reduce these kinds of emissions to our airshed, that we will have less incidence of cancer, especially among young children," Moench said.

If you live in a heavily trafficked urban area, you may wish to write to your local government official regarding possible regulatory actions.

 

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Benzene exposure can cause a number of serious health problems, and people may be exposed to the toxic chemical through various sources. We have seen many different types of cases involving benzene exposure and think it’s important that individuals understand how it occurs, its effects and other benzene facts.

How It Occurs
Benzene is a widely used chemical in industrial processes in the United States – Individuals who live or work in industrial areas may face a greater risk of benzene exposure than others.
Benzene is also found in hazardous waste sites and underground storage tanks near gas stations. Leaks can contaminate groundwater and cause exposure.  
Low levels of benzene exposure may occur in the outdoor air as a result of tobacco smoke and vehicle exhaust.

Health Effects
Exposure to benzene can impair red blood cell production and cause anemia.
It can damage the immune system and cause the loss of white blood cells.
The Department of Health and Human Services has identified benzene exposure as a cause of cancer, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Exposure may affect fertility in women.

The health effects a person experiences depends on the amount and duration of benzene exposure, and also whether exposure occurred through direct contact with the skin, ingestion or inhalation. Medical advice should be sought any time benzene exposure is suspected.

Individual Rights
Irresponsible corporate and industrial practices that result in benzene exposure may form the basis of legal actions, and individuals who have developed illnesses like cancer may be able to file or join a lawsuit to seek damages.





 

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Four out of 12 monitoring wells at the site of a former gas plant in Oneonta’s Neahwa Park (New York) are still showing excessive levels of benzene and several other dangerous chemicals even after millions of dollars have been spent over the last decade on clean-up efforts.

Any exposure to benzene is too much exposure, as benzene has been linked to a variety of serious and rare illnesses such as:

• Aplastic anemia
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Acute myelogenous leukemia
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Groundwater in the area is not used for drinking, but there is a risk to people wading in the nearby creek. Individuals in the area who have developed a benzene-related illness may wish to seek the advice of a benzene exposure attorney.




 

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Recent reports claim that U.S. Steel is planning on spending $1.4 million in an attempt to treat water tainted by benzene. The decision involves building 11 wells surrounding its Gary Works complex near Lake Michigan to contain benzene-tainted water. Researchers found that the water has been leaking into the lake for several months and potentially putting the surrounding community at risk. The water was found to be contaminated by the toxic chemical known as benzene after officials analyzed the soil and groundwater.

Although neither U.S. Steel or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency officials are sure about how much benzene was in the lake, the company has concluded that there are benzene levels of 1 to 3 parts per million.

The EPA Discovers Benzene

"It's not a level that's showing any immediate risk," explains the project manager of the EPA, Tamara Ohl. "But it's high enough. Clearly, we don't want a situation where benzene is going into the lake.” 

Officials say that the benzene came from an older tank farm at the coke plant, which was removed several years ago. The tainted water was reportedly caused by a large crack in a lake breakwall that surrounds the plant. However, even though health officials have found what is causing the exposure to the lake, repairing the wall would require a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers permit, would not fix the tainted groundwater problem, said U.S. Steel spokesman Charles Rice. 

U.S. Steel is expected to submit a treatment plan to state and federal environmental regulators by the end of this month. Plant officials said they hope to have the system operational by the summer or fall. 



 

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Recent reports from Stanford University claim that the amount of toxins in home carpets is equivalent to the toxins, like benzene, that are given off in cigarettes. Dr. Wayne Ott PhD explains that oftentimes community leaders put too much blame on industry in terms of benzene exposure when in fact the causes of many illnesses is right beneath are feet, literally.

“We have measurements, lots and lots of measurements, lots of studies, showing that most of the pollution and most of the exposure to toxic chemicals occurs in your homes, like in your carpet. And these are all things that you can change easily,” says Dr. Ott.

Studies Reveal New Source of Exposure

EPA studies of human exposure to air pollutants, like the toxic chemical benzene, show that indoor air levels of many pollutants are two to five times higher than any outdoor levels. Researchers estimate that the majority of people spend about eighty to ninety percent of their time indoors. So with all of this time spent on the floor, the research proves that toddlers can ingest anywhere from 0.02 to 10 grams of dust and soil each day. And much of this dust and soil contains harmful chemicals that exist within the carpet and are brought in by outdoor sources.

For years, outside sources and certain industries known to use benzene in their products and work days have been the primary source of blame for benzene exposure. Although benzene does cause harm to many through these sources, Dr. Ott explains that in many cases, people have to look no further than themselves and their own homes for the bad air they breathe.

Cigarette smoke, which contains benzene, has been found to be the number one source of indoor toxic air. Pollution meters can reportedly detect the harm of cigarette smoke lingering in the air for up to five hours.

 

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A field in East Austin, Texas which was once occupied by several giant cylinders holding gasoline is now reportedly cleaned-up after much controversy and community protesting. The area was dubbed "the tank farm" by those who lived in the surrounding communities of the field and it was a cause of concern due to the amount of benzene that was being emitted from the site.

Neighbors first heard about the site in the early 1990's and activists and public officials quickly took action. There was reportedly a dangerous amount of pollutants, including the toxic chemical known as benzene, infesting the groundwater near the site and the air was becoming highly intoxicated by emitted chemicals and gases.

Site of Benzene Emissions Finally Closed

According to reports, the six oil companies who were operating the facility agreed to close the site after threats of lawsuits and ongoing protests were thrown upon them. Although this decision was made 15 years ago, community leaders and occupants are now hopeful that they will finally start to see change as crews began clearing the field in the past few weeks.

Many believe that there will still be trace amounts of pollutants like benzene left in the area, even after the cleanup; however, the EPA says that the amount left behind, if any, won't be enough to cause any physical harm.

"If the tank farm really has been cleaned up, we want it to be something that serves the neighborhood," explains a local, touching on concerns that linger among some tank-farm neighbors.

The site, which has been open and operating for over 55 years, was operated by big whig oil companies like Exxon, Chevron, Citgo and Mobil. In the 1950's the surrounding areas of this field began being developed and many neighborhoods sprang up. Benzene is one of the leading causes of diseases like leukemia and aplastic anemia and as more research became exposed about the chemical, locals began worrying for their own safety and well-being. When many farmers in the community began having health problems, they knew exactly where to point fingers and so the protests began.

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Reports are talking about the International Fuel Quality Center's (IFQC) recent ranking if the top 100 countries in regards to benzene content standards in their gasoline. According to these reports, Colombia ranked number one with the lowest benzene limits and earliest implementation of any benzene related-laws. Canada was ranked at second place while Luxembourg came in third.
 
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified the chemical known as benzene as being a Group A, known human carcinogen. This toxic solvent has been found to cause various illness to the bone marrow and bloodstream, and is most notable responsible for causing leukemia among those exposed. It can be found in naturally crude oil and is also used as an additive in certain dyes, for the production of synthetic rubbers and in cigarettes. Officials for the EPA say that controlling the amount of benzene in gasoline is the most effective way to limit its emissions from vehicles.

"The current global trend is to reduce benzene content in gasoline, as it's also seen as the most effective way to reduce human exposure to the chemical," explains Lisa Kiuru, executive director, IFQC.

How Do Most Countries Rank?

The rankings show that a majority of the countries throughout the world don't have any individual specifications for gasoline and low level gasoline-ethanol blends, like Colombia.
 
European countries reportedly topped the ranking, along with many Asian countries, including Hong Kong, Japan and Taiwan, which was tied at 18th with Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.

The U.S. is ranked at 67th place, due to the fact that these rankings are based upon national maximum allowance standards and U.S. standards were last updated in 1997. Researchers did note though, that the state of California could have ranked first if it was its own country because its gasoline benzene limit is 0.7 vol%.

The complete ranking the top 100 countries by gasoline benzene content standards can be found on the IFQC's web site.

 

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According to a recent study out of Italy, there is new evidence that exposure to benzene can not only increase people’s risk of leukemia, but it’s also linked to multiple myeloma. For years, benzene, which is a toxic chemical that is commonly used as an additive in gasoline, in the production of synthetic rubbers and sodas, has been linked to leukemia and aplastic anemia. However, researchers are now finding that benzene is the cause if other illness as well.

The study was conducted by Dr. Adele Seniori Constantini from the Center for Study and Prevention of Cancer, along with some of her colleagues. The researchers reportedly found that benzene can cause an increased risk of chronic lymphoid leukemia as well multiple myeloma. Two other chemicals, xylene and toluene were also linked with exposure to benzene.

 Study Reveals New Findings

Although Constantini has revealed the results from the new study, benzene’s link with multiple myeloma are reportedly still under debate. In order to investigate the results of benzene exposure, the team of researchers identified all known cases of blood and lymphatic cancers in people ages 20 to 74 in 11 different parts of Italy.

They also looked at 586 cases of leukemia found in seven of the regions and compared chemical exposures for individuals who were sick and to those based on occupation.

The study found that medium to high levels of benzene exposure nearly doubled the risk of these two blood cancers. The more intense levels of exposure were to participants and the longer it lasted, the greater the risk that they would develop a life altering illness.

"Our results, even if based on small numbers, are in agreement with the hypothesis that acute myeloid leukemia risk following benzene exposure declines in time while chronic lymphoid leukemia and multiple myeloma risks are seen over a longer latency period,” claims the research team.

 

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A wastewater treatment company in Shreveport, Louisiana, is currently being investigated due to recent findings that benzene and other toxic chemicals from the plant were being dumped into the Red River. The facility was reportedly shut down in October 2007 after the river was found to be polluted. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality conducted several tests on the water and publicly revealed that hazardous waste from the plant was being disposed of in the river.

Among the toxins that were found to be polluting the river were benzene, toluene and xylene. Each of these chemicals can be extremely dangerous to those exposed and have been linked to various forms of cancer, including leukemia, lung cancer and aplastic anemia.

Ongoing Waste Problems

Despite the legal troubles the waste facility, known as CCS, is facing they are reportedly still seeking permission to discharge wastewater and storm water into areas where they would eventually find their way into the Red River.

Reports from a review of federal and state records related to CCS reveals:

• The illegal dumping of wastewater into Red River
• Four hidden tanks of hazardous waste that were supposedly identified by company officials as treated wastewater
• Concerns about accepting and treating wastewaters in early 2008

The findings of benzene are of most concern to health officials since the chemical is a known carcinogen and can cause fatal illnesses to those exposed over an extended period of time. Benzene can be found in gasoline, cigarettes and sodas.

 

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According to recent reports, health officials in Reading, Pennsylvania have found asbestos and benzene on a former industrial site. The toxic chemicals have become quite the controversy in the town since the Reading School District planned to build three schools on the property.

According to district officials, the plan, until the recent chemicals were exposed, was to build a 300-student elementary school on the former Luden’s Candy property. The long-term goal for the property was to build seven new schools over the next three years. The site was sold to the district by The Hershey Co. for $3.85 million in June.

Benzene Found at Site

William F. Cinfici, a board member in Reading claims that just last week the site tested positive for both benzene and asbestos. Both of these substances are known carcinogens and can be fatal to those who are exposed over time. Since the findings, the school district has terminated the sales and has been looking for other pieces of property to build the smaller, safer schools they originally set out to develop.

“The board is doing its due diligence,” says Dr. Thomas R. Chapman Jr., superintendent.
Although Chapman and the other school officials were disappointed with the tests results, they understand that building the schools would be far too risky for employees, children and the community as a whole.

Dangers of Benzene Exposure

Benzene is a commonly used chemical for the production of dyes, as an additive in gasoline and in the manufacturing of synthetic rubbers, amongst other things. When benzene is inhaled, ingested or handled it can be extremely toxic and even fatal. Various forms of cancer such as leukemia, lung cancer and MDS have been linked to benzene exposure and as a result health officials across the country are consistently testing and researching industrial sites like the one in Reading to prevent benzene emissions.
 

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LyondellBasdell Industries is based in Houston and manufactures products “essential to the quality of life and the mobility of people.” However, the safety and environmental care with which the company runs their business is currently being questioned by the city. Houston’s mayor, Bill White, has requested that a regulatory permit be implemented at the Houston refinery and has voiced his concern for benzene emissions.

White wants to reduce the amount of emissions at the refinery by 41 percent, but LyondellBasell doesn’t feel such a regulation is necessary. A spokesperson for the refinery says that “While we do not agree with the assumptions made in the city's filing, we are encouraged that the city has finally elected to utilize the regulatory process developed through legislative authority rather than the extralegal procedures previously pursued.”

The Dangers of Benzene

The debate regarding a permit has become heated due to the severity of the topic at hand. Benzene is a toxic chemical and known carcinogen that has been causing more harm than good in the city of Houston in recent years. Benzene is often used as an additive in gasoline and is also typically used in the production of synthetic rubbers and various dyes.

When people are exposed to benzene over an extended period of time, they are put at risk of developing life-threatening illnesses like leukemia, MDS, and lung cancer. The problem is, which coincides with White’s concerns for Houston residents and the refinery’s workers, many people are exposed to the substance without their knowledge. In these cases they develop somewhat common symptoms like easy bruising and infections before being diagnosed with something more severe than the common cold.

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As the season changes more and more Americans are turning to their fireplaces, bonfires and woodstoves to keep warm at night. And there’s no better place to spend the holidays than with your loved ones beside a fire; however, new reports have surfaced regarding the toxic chemicals that can be emitted through fires and the effect these chemicals could have on your health and the environment.

Studies have specifically focused on the air quality in the Portland metro region, which does not have a history of being pristine or healthy. According to reports from the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, fourteen percent of the days in September were categorized as being moderately polluted. Reports prove that from October first and eighth, two days had moderate levels of pollution in Portland, which is 25 percent. Among the chemicals that have been found in the air is benzene, a known carcinogen linked to leukemia.

The Hazards of Wood Smoke

In order for health officials to maintain control over what is being emitted into our air, the DEQ collects information from air monitors before raw data is converted into the Air Quality Index. And experts claim, the air quality is typically the worst in the winter months.
“Temperature inversions trap cold at the surface and cases problems because so many people heat with wood,” explains Susan Drake from the Oregon DEQ Air Quality Office.

Wood smoke is of particular concern since it’s a major cause of particle pollution. Wood doesn’t completely burn in any stove or fireplace and as a result a vaporous blend of gases, including benzene, are released into the air, and potentially inhaled by humans. Particles that are less than 10 micrometers in diameter can embed deep into the lungs and often even get trapped in the bloodstream. In turn, this can cause severe coughs and in some cases develop into a type of cancer if the exposure lasts for a long period of time.

The DEQ is reportedly going to approach the Oregon Legislature in the upcoming months with bills that will include funds to help people change out older uncertified woodstoves with more clean-burning, certified woodstoves. The bills are also going to be created to better define woodstove to the public and prevent the indoor burning of trash.

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Research has proven that carcinogens like benzene can be found everywhere, from the cigarettes we smoke to the air we breathe and water we drink. Although most people are aware that their are cancer-causing substances in various items and environments, others aren't educated or able to easily recognize carcinogens in order to avoid them.

New findings suggest that there is one place that even health professionals aren't necessarily looking for carcinogens. Certain prescription drugs could potentially contain cancer-causing agents claims new research and the news couldn't bring more of a shock to both patients and doctors. The research was revealed after it was found that certain medications were causing cancer in animals.

Medications to be Cautious Of

Among the medications that are causing concern are hormone replacement therapies (HRT). Research has found that estrogen can provoke the production of uterine as well as breast cancer in patients. However, millions of women are prescribed HRT to ease symptoms associated with menopause.

Rheumatoid arthritis injections Cimzia, Enbrel, Humira and Remicade are also being heavily analyzed after they were linked to the development of lymphoma in patients. All of these medications are very expensive and are used to treated arthritis as well as Crohn's disease. However, researchers are warning doctors to ease their prescribing of the medications since lymphoma can lead to leukemia and other fatal illnesses.

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Recent findings have proved just how at risk we are of acquiring some form of cancer these days, particularly due to all of the pollutants and chemicals in our air, food and water. Research shows that a majority of cancers are inflicted by the environment. Chemicals like benzene, which is typically used as an additive in gasoline and is used in the production of synthetic rubbers and dyes, are slowly killing us.

Among the environmental risks that are putting us most at harm at indoor and outdoor pollution and the chemicals we are unknowingly exposed to at work, that infest our foods and are used in the manufacturing of our plastics. Although some of these chemicals are more toxic than others, like benzene. none of them are beneficial. In this increasingly fast paced world full of traffic, new technology and more supplies, we as humans can be exposed on a daily basis to things we inhale, ingest and absorb on our skin without our knowledge.

Harmful Toxins All Around Us

When we inhale harmful toxins like benzene and asbestos, the effects can be extremely damaging to our hearts, lungs and nervous systems. In the short term benzene exposure can cause sneezing and watery eyes, but in the long term, this known carcinogen can cause the development of fatal illnesses like leukemia and lung cancer.

Among the items that we are in contact with daily that could cause serious health problems are:

• Air Fresheners
• Aerosol Sprays
• Dry Cleaning Fluid Fumes
• Kerosene Heaters
• Floor Tiles
• Gasoline
• Soda
• Cigarette Smoke

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Alton Kemp, 81, is one of the many residents of Flemington, New Jersey who has received free water since he was a child from the city. He has kept all of the letters from his attorney in their original envelopes and is just one of the many residents that feels victimized by the polluted wells in the area.

For the past 28 years, New Hanover County’s city of Flemington has been giving out free water to residents after the EPA discovered their polluted wells in the 1970’s. The county recently announced that they were no longer going to provide residents with free water and locals like Kemp are taking legal action to fight back.

Benzene Found in Water

The water issues arose in Flemington in the 1970’s when the county granted Waste Industries permission to “stash their trash” in various landfill sites throughout the county. By 1977 residents began complaining that there water smelled and tasted bad and several reports of health complications, including cases of leukemia, arose throughout the city.

David Noonan, was brought into play as an attorney representing the people and he requested that city commissioners close the landfill, install a permanent water system and compensate residents for damage to their property and potentially their health.

When an investigation was conducted by the state and federal agencies, the EPA found a large number of toxic chemicals, including benzene, a known carcinogen, beneath the landfill and in various wells containing the water residents were drinking.

Free Water Promised to Residents

After attorneys representing the residents of Flemington, including Noonan, negotiated with commissioners, they were eventually promised that the county would give residents 12,000 gallons of free water every two months and that they would pay for additional water needs beyond that.

However, lawsuits ensued and many residents still chose to take legal action for the damage that had already been done, damage they believed could have been prevented. In 1985 the defendants and the EPA reached a preliminary settlement and the site was to be secured before a vegetative soil cover was supposed to go on top of the landfill. In 1989, a study conducted by Waste Industries found that there was an extreme threat to public health from the landfill site.

Although those living in Flemington and the surrounding areas were continuing to get free water, EPA officials suggested residents still be tested for leukemia and other benzene related illnesses. Almost simultaneous this warning, Cape Fear Public Utility Authority took over the county’s utility system and refused to continue giving residents water for free.

Residents Hold County to Agreement

Kemp, who had been receiving free, clean water from the county since he was seven, says his distrust in the county provoked him to keep all the legal files, and now he’s glad he has.

Kemp and many of his Flemington neighbors have received free water for over three decades, all the result of an agreement that the county commissioners made with residents after benzene and other pollutants infected their private wells.

This past July, Kemp and many others got a letter informing from the county informing them that they would start receiving water bills on a regular basis. For residents in Flemington, a regular water bill, for water that could or could not be still polluted, financially and physically straining. They are insisting that the county took their clean water and are now putting them at risk for benzene exposure, something the county, not the residents, should have to pay for.

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 Recent reports are accusing Mac Pros of producing fumes containing toxic chemicals like the carcinogen, benzene. The reports stem from a posting left this past week on a French site catered towards Mac enthusiasts, MacBidouille.

The posting cites testing conducted at a laboratory which used multiple censors on the computers over an eight day period. The testing monitored the air emitted from the computer that was being circulated by a cooling fan. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, the posting claims to have found seven organic contaminants being released in the vapors from the computers.

The posting was commissioned by an anonymous user who says he is a researcher at France’s National Center for Scientific Research and experienced an irritation of the eyes, nose and larynx after just ten days of exposure to his Mac Pro.

Substances Found

Among the substances supposedly being emitted from the Mac Pros, aside from benzene, were propanal, isobenzofuranione and acetic acid. A majority of these chemicals are merely considered irritants. However, benzene has been found to elevate cancers like MDS in people who are exposed for a long duration of time.

Many Mac Pro owners from around the world have reportedly filed complaints about strong odors being released from their computers. In some cases, consumers have even reported having headaches and experiencing nausea.

Apple has not addressed the posting or the complaints being filed by customers who recently bought the computer. However, some users claim that after posting complaints on support forums AppleCare technicians have replaced certain components of the computer, which has seemed to take care of some of the problems. 

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 The investigation continues outside of Parachute, Colorado on drinking water thought to be contaminated with benzene. Two springs outside of a cabin are the focus of the investigation and citations against four oil and gas companies have already been issued.

The citations claim the companies, along with a fifth which was added this week, OXY USA, failed to notify authorities about the benzene contaminating the springs. According to Debbie Baldwin, the environmental manager for the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, OXY failed to report the fact that oil and gas were leaking into a drain above the springs.

Residents at Risk of Leukemia

One resident, Ned Prather, has already come forward claiming he developed health complications because of the benzene contamination. Researchers have found that benzene is linked with life-threatening cancers such as leukemia. City officials expect more locals living near the springs to come forward. The benzene contaminated water is reported to have been leaking into a pond on Prather’s property.

More testing is reportedly being conducted to determine just how much benzene has been released into the water and for how long. In the meantime, health officials are encouraging those living in the area to seek medical attention if they are experiencing any health abnormalities.

Background on Benzene

Benzene is a chemical that is typically found in synthetic rubbers, dyes and gasoline. Exposure, through ingestion or inhalation, of the chemical can cause severe health problems, especially to those who are exposed for a long duration of time.

The Environmental Protection Agency, with the help of other agencies, is committed to ensuring that harmful substances such as benzene are not released into the environment; though in certain cases, such as the problems in Parachute, they were not made aware of benzene emissions, as is legally required. 

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According to recent reports, benzene, which has been linked to myelodysplastic syndromes, and other toxic chemicals were recently found near two homes near Kalamazoo, Michigan. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) discovered the materials, which were located in 500 barrels in a barn.

A spokesman for the EPA claims three of the barrels contained radioactive substances and all of the chemicals found pose an extreme threat to those living in the area. Not only are the chemicals that were found explosive, but they also could cause serious health problems to local residents.
Although there have been no signs of groundwater contamination in the area, the agency is warning those living in the area to take extra caution.

Research has found that exposure to benzene can cause various forms of leukemia, including myelodysplastic syndromes, once known as “preleukemia.” Benzene is typically used in the production of synthetic rubbers and dyes. However, it can also be found in various soda products and gasoline, two things people can generally expose themselves to on a daily basis.

Due to the nature of the problem in Kalamazoo, health officials are asking residents to immediately seek medical attention if they are feeling symptoms associated with benzene exposure. These symptoms include:

• Dizziness
• Pale skin
• Excessive bruising or bleeding
• Extreme fatigue

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CytRx Corp. recently bought out Innovive Pharmaceutical Inc, which is best known for its work developing a drug to treat myelodysplastic syndrome. According to reports, the buyout will ensure CytRx ownership of the cancer drug tamibarotene, along with three other major medications.
The deal was finalized late last week and CytRx reportedly bought the pharmaceutical company for $2.6 million. CytRx may also be asked to make up to $18.3 in milestone payments if the drug candidate’s sold under the Innovive name do well on the market. The entire buyout is expected to close by June.

Drugs Involved in the Buyout

The rights to the drug that got Innovive on the radar, Tamibarotene, will be given to CytRx as part of the buyout deal. Tamibarotene was recently approved in Japan to treat leukemia and is currently being studied for use in the US, Europe and Canada. Innovive was also working to develop an oral anti-leukemia medication that is being tested in lung cancer, leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and mesothelioma.

Myelodysplastic syndrome, or MDS, is a cancer that negatively affects the blood stream and bone marrow. Although a cure has not yet been found for the illness, there are treatments available and doctors and researchers are working vigorously to prevent MDS from taking more lives.
Leukemia is also a cancer that affects the bloodstream and is typically caused by exposure to benzene, a harmful chemical. Mesothelioma is a different form of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs and is caused by asbestos exposure

 

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Oil Company in OR Fined for Contamination

According to recent reports, state environmental officials recently charged a White City oil company with the second largest fine given in the state of Oregon. The agency claimed that the Colvin Oil Company failed to properly monitor the benzene contaminated groundwater and soil on their property for the last eight years.

The DEQ environmental law specialist monitoring the site revealed that two wells that were installed in 2000 displayed high concentrations of the harmful chemical, benzene. Benzene is a known carcinogen that can cause various cancers such as leukemia to anyone who is exposed.

High Concentration of Benzene

In a test conducted by the DEQ earlier this year, benzene concentrations of 20,000 parts per billion were found in the water and soil. The federal limit for drinking water set by the government 13,000 parts per billion.

Since Colvin Oil has neglected the monitoring of their site, the DEQ isn’t sure of the amount of benzene that has contaminated the area. The DEQ also discovered that the company installed only two monitoring wells, when three are legally required.

Despite several letters to the DEQ, the agency claims that Colvin Oil didn’t provide sufficient samples from the wells and failed to collect any soil samples.

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An ongoing debate continues over the safety of a chemical that is commonly used in plastic products, such as baby bottles. The chemical in question is bisphenol A (BPA), which contains benzene, a known carcinogen.

The FDA announced earlier this week that they have hired a panel of outside experts to review data regarding the safety of the chemical. Bisphenol A can be found in various plastic products, from water bottles to milk jugs.

Study Conducted

A recent study conducted by Journal of the American Medical Association has found that bisphenol A can lead to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

The study included 1, 455 adults and found that BPA concentrations were higher in those with cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Those with the highest concentrations of BPA also had nearly three times the odds of cardiovascular disease, in comparison to those with lower concentrations.

"One of the reasons for its toxicity is that bisphenol A contains benzene. Phenol is a chemical term for hydroxy-benzene, and we know that benzene itself is highly toxic," said Neil Carmen, Ph.D., Clean Air Program director for the Lone Star Chapter of the Sierra Club.

Problems in the Past

These recent reports don’t mark the first time that the government has questioned plastics and the existence of BPA. In past decades more than 100 studies have been conducted linking the chemical and its contents, such as benzene, to various forms of leukemia, obesity and hyperactivity.

As can be expected, plastic companies dispute these allegations claiming the studies aren’t conclusive and encouraging consumers to continue purchasing plastic products.

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Stuff:

I did my first tank dive of this trip on my way here over the weekend- my watch partner Orlando and I climbed down into the #6 starboard cargo tank, one of the smaller of our 14 cargo tanks... there was a trace of Benzene (a wicked carcinogen- it's possible to die of leukemia within a few days of a massive exposure) in the tank, so we were decked out in respirators... the concentration of benzene was under 1ppm, which is actually low enough that I could hang out in the tank for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week no problem (This is called Time-Weighted Exposure), but why take chances? Anyhow, Orlando and I had to vacuum up a little standing water- we prepped that tank to take on Jet fuel- essentially, the tank was pressure washed at 150PSI by our automatic system, and then we sucked the water out. Orlando and I did an inspection looking for dust and water- we found about a quart of water (amazing, really, when you look at the tank. You could fit an apartment house in it) in the sump well, and took care of that, then hot-footed it out. The chief mate gave us the rest of the day off. I think he felt bad about the benzene- normally, we don't deal with the stuff, but we carried gasoline in that tank the trip before. Even with forced-air ventilation and a wash, there was a trace.

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Regarding Monday's Page One article "OSHA UNCOVERS SLEW OF REFINERY VIOLATIONS / Inspectors find 146 at 17 sites in what is only the start of a nationwide study": My mother died of cancer two years ago, and while she was in a hospice, her nurse and I visited. She told me she had worked at chemical plants in the Houston area for 17 years before she quit. She said she became a nurse as payback for what she knew was happening in the plants. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, she said, would give a two-week notice to plants before "surprise" inspections, and workers would scramble to clean up and set things right for clean reports. On foggy and rainy nights, she was instructed by supervisors to "release" into the air, as the fog or heavy rain would hide the act.

That OSHA "uncovers slew" of violations at refiner-ies, to me, is a joke. Fines for violations are cheaper to pay than to fix the problems! How can we uncover what heretofore we didn't wish to find?

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How would you like to participate in this study?

Researchers monitored 10 male volunteers who spent an hour in a room filled either with clean air or exhaust from a diesel engine. The exhaust-filled room was set to mimic the highest level that people might encounter in the environment or at work, for example on a busy road or in a garage.

Volunteers were connected to an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor the brain's electrical signals during exposure and for the hour afterwards.

Within 30 minutes, the participants in the exhaust room showed signs of stress on the EEG, indicating a change in the way the brain processes information.

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Imperial Oil keeps working after leak

Imperial Oil crews started transferring the contents of a damaged storage tank to another tank Saturday to stop any chance of more emissions after a benzene leak Friday that put residents of southeastern Sarnia under a shelter-in-place order. Company officials said as the work to transfer the benzene progresses, they will continue to apply firefighting foam, which reduces the chance of the benzene evaporating, according to a company statement. Once the transfer is complete, they will begin to assess damage and start repairs. The crews are operating under a Chemical Valley Emergency Coordinating Organization code 8, which notifies authorities of a potential problem in Chemical Valley. Imperial Oil is monitoring air-quality levels inside and outside the chemical plant and the results are being shared with the Ministry of Environment and with Sarnia officials. Public inquiries concerning the incident should be directed to (519) 339-5666.

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What is Benzene and how is it used?

Benzene is a clear, colorless aromatic liquid. It is highly flammable. The greatest use of benzene is as a building block for making plastics, rubber, resins and synthetic fabrics like nylon and polyester. Other uses include: as a solvent in printing, paints, dry cleaning, etc.

The list of trade names given below may help you find out whether you are using this chemical at home or work.

Trade Names and Synonyms:

Benzol 90
Pyrobenzol
Polystream
Coal naphtha
Phene

Why is Benzene being Regulated?

In 1974, Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act. This law requires EPA to determine safe levels of chemicals in drinking water which do or may cause health problems. These non-enforceable levels, based solely on possible health risks and exposure, are called Maximum Contaminant Level Goals.

The MCLG for benzene has been set at zero because EPA believes this level of protection would not cause any of the health effects described below.

Based on this MCLG, EPA has set an enforceable standard called a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as possible, considering the ability of public water systems to detect and remove contaminants using suitable treatment technologies.

The MCL has been set at 5 parts per billion (ppb) because EPA believes, given present technology and resources, this is the lowest level to which water systems can reasonably be required to remove this contaminant should it occur in drinking water.

These drinking water standards and the regulations for ensuring these standards are met, are called National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. All community water supplies must abide by these regulations.

What are the Health Effects?

Short-term: EPA has found benzene to potentially cause the following health effects when people are exposed to it at levels above the MCL for relatively short periods of time: temporary nervous system disorders, immune system depression, anemia.

Long-term: Benzene has the potential to cause the following effects from a lifetime exposure at levels above the MCL: chromosome aberrations, cancer.

How much Benzene is produced and released to the environment?

Production of benzene has increased: from about 9.9 billion lbs. in 1984 to over 12 billion lbs. in 1993.

Benzene is released to air primarily from fumes and exhaust connected with its use in gasoline. Other sources are fumes from its production and use in manufacturing other chemicals. In addition, there are discharges into water from industrial effluents and losses during spills.

From 1987 to 1992, according to the Toxics Release Inventory, releases of benzene to water and land totalled over 2 million lbs. These releases were primarily from petroleum refining industries, with the greatest releases occurring in Texas.

What happens to Benzene when it is released to the environment?

If benzene is released to soil, it will either evaporate very quickly or leach to groundwater. It can be broken down by some soil microbes. It may also be degraded in some ground waters. If benzene is released to surface water, most of it should evaporate within a few hours. Though it does not degrade by reacting with water, it may be degraded by microbes. It is not likely to accumulate in aquatic organisms.

How will Benzene be Detected in and Removed from My Drinking Water?

The regulation for benzene became effective in 1989. Between 1993 and 1995, EPA required your water supplier to collect water samples every 3 months for one year and analyze them to find out if benzene is present above 0.5 ppb. If it is present above this level, the system must continue to monitor the benzene levels.

If contaminant levels are found to be consistently above the MCL, your water supplier must take steps to reduce the amount of benzene so that it is consistently below that level. The following treatment methods have been approved by EPA for removing benzene: Granular activated charcoal in combination with Packed Tower Aeration.

How will I know if Benzene is in my drinking water?

If the levels of benzene exceed the MCL, 5 ppb, the system must notify the public via newspapers, radio, TV and other means. Additional actions, such as providing alternative drinking water supplies, may be required to prevent serious risks to public health.

Drinking Water Standards:

Mclg: zero

Mcl: 5 ppb

Source:  EPA.gov

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A research team of the University of Granada has managed to produce the most useful material to date to eliminate pollutants such as benzene, toluene and xylene, organic solvents widely used in the hydrocarbon industry and generated by road traffic in cities. The world-wide problem of the exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons has mainly focused its attention on benzene, which is considered to be harmful to health, even in low concentrations.

This material is a monolithic carbon aerogel with the advantage of not only being able to retain these pollutants: it can also be easily regenerated and can therefore be used in several cycles. This research has been carried out by David Fairén Jiménez, from the Department of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Granada, and directed by lecturers Carlos Moreno Castilla and Francisco Carrasco Marín. The aim of this study was to prepare and describe a series of new materials - monolithic carbon aerogels - as adsorbers of benzene, tolene and xylene (BTX).

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Soil contaminated with toxic substances covers a 16-acre swath centered in the 2100 block of Del Amo Boulevard, with the highest concentrations found in a 4.5-acre tract, authorities said.

That smaller area is where an investigation has detected levels of carcinogenic benzene vapors at levels of up to 20,000 parts per billion, say officials from the ExxonMobil Torrance Refinery.

The state mandates remedial action - in this case testing and monitoring - when benzene levels in residential areas exceed 10 parts per billion.

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Benzene This is found in tobacco smoke, inks, oils, plastics and paints, as well as detergents and dyes. In addition to eye and skin irritation, benzene causes dizziness and nausea when inhaled.

What happens to these toxins? A study conducted by Montreal-based Clean Production Action indicates that they end up in household dust. The study examined dust balls in vacuum-cleaner bags and found 35 toxic chemicals, all of which can cause respiratory and other health problems. That suggests that vacuuming serves mainly to transfer toxins from one part of the house to another. Moreoever, the contaminants will continue exuding their harmful molecules indefinitely.

So what's a homeowner to do? Turn to houseplants.

Most of us can remember a biology teacher drilling into us the fact that, through photosynthesis, green plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen and water vapours. It now appears that plants, unlike humans, can thrive on a diet of toxins‚ benzene, formaldehyde, TSE and similar chemicals. The plants take in the toxins through the leaves, clean out the harmful contents and spill out healthy fresh air. That office rubber plant is working every night to clean the air.

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When Laura Hofmann steps out her front door and takes a deep breath, she’s sometimes overwhelmed by petroleum vapors. Hofmann, a lifelong resident of Greenpoint, Brooklyn, doesn’t live next door to a gas station; she lives beside the nation’s largest oil spill.

An estimated 17 million gallons of oil (at least one-and-a-half times the amount spilled by the Exxon Valdez in Prince William Sound in 1989) from spills at ExxonMobil’s Greenpoint refineries and storage facilities soaked into the ground over the last century, creating a 55-acre plume of oil floating on top of groundwater 30-40 feet underground. Residents of this working-class neighborhood have been living with the spill for more than 50 years, enduring vapors seeping into some basements and wafting through the streets from nearby Newtown Creek, which the petroleum trickles into. A cleanup has been going on for three decades, but only about half of the oil has been removed. Only recently has the government sought to force accelerated remediation.

Though the EPA’s sampling of 52 homes above the plume last year found no indoor vapor exposure, tests performed by Riverkeeper revealed that the spill has released toxic vapors like benzene into Greenpoint. According to the CDC, long-term exposure to benzene can cause leukemia, and the immediate effects of inhaling benzene and other components found in petroleum, such as toluene and xylene, include drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, nausea, and irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.

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BENZENE ALERT: Benzene (a hydrocarbon that may contribute to the development of leukemia) is contained in such consumer products as stove and lantern fuels, brush cleaners, and rubber cement, and is also used as an octane booster in lead-free gasoline. The Carcinogen Information Program (Dept. TMEN, P.O. Box 6057, St. Louis, Missouri 63139) has published a special bulletin, entitled Benzene and Cancer , which is available free upon request (please include a self-addressed, stamped envelope).

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